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The manifold absolute pressure sensor (MAP sensor) is one of the sensors used in an internal combustion engine's electronic control system. Engines that use a MAP sensor are typically fuel injected. The manifold absolute pressure sensor provides instantaneous manifold pressure information to the engine's electronic control unit (ECU).
A concept vehicle for the then upcoming Q5, this was a 2-door convertible with a 3.0 TDI engine rated at 240 PS (177 kW; 237 hp) and 500 N⋅m (369 lbf⋅ft) torque, quattro permanent four wheel drive, 8-speed automatic transmission, Copper Sunset body, LED headlights, 21-inch wheels with 265/35R21 tyres, seats with White Stone leather upholstery, MMI, 505W Bang & Olufsen sound system and ...
The Q5 e-tron was revealed at the 2021 Guangzhou Auto Show as the first three-row model of the e-tron series, and the ninth model that is based on the MEB platform. While sporting a separate exterior design, dashboard design is derived from the Q4 e-tron, with a 10.25-inch digital instrument cluster and an 11.6-inch infotainment touchscreen.
The equivalent circuit model (ECM) is a common lumped-element model for Lithium-ion battery cells. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The ECM simulates the terminal voltage dynamics of a Li-ion cell through an equivalent electrical network composed passive elements, such as resistors and capacitors , and a voltage generator .
A battery management system (BMS) is any electronic system that manages a rechargeable battery (cell or battery pack) by facilitating the safe usage and a long life of the battery in practical scenarios while monitoring and estimating its various states (such as state of health and state of charge), [1] calculating secondary data, reporting that data, controlling its environment ...
A deep-cycle battery powering a traffic signal. A deep-cycle battery is a battery designed to be regularly deeply discharged using most of its capacity. The term is traditionally mainly used for lead–acid batteries in the same form factor as automotive batteries; and contrasted with starter or cranking automotive batteries designed to deliver only a small part of their capacity in a short ...
A significant drawback of a resistor sensor is the unavoidable electrical connection between the current to be measured and the measurement circuit. An isolation amplifier can provide electrical isolation between measured current and the rest of the measurement circuit. However, these amplifiers are expensive and can also limit the bandwidth ...
For the unrelated petrol-powered vehicle with the same name, see Audi Q6. Motor vehicle Audi Q6 e-tron Audi Q6 e-tron Overview Manufacturer Audi Production 2023–present Model years 2025– Assembly Germany: Ingolstadt China: Changchun (FAW-VW) Body and chassis Class Compact luxury crossover SUV (D) Body style 5-door SUV 5-door coupe SUV (Sportback) Layout Rear-motor, rear-wheel-drive Dual ...