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Thus, fragmentation is an important problem in file system research and design. The containment of fragmentation not only depends on the on-disk format of the file system, but also heavily on its implementation. [9] File system fragmentation has less performance impact upon solid-state drives, as there is no mechanical seek time involved. [10]
XFS is a 64-bit file system [24] and supports a maximum file system size of 8 exbibytes minus one byte (2 63 − 1 bytes), but limitations imposed by the host operating system can decrease this limit. 32-bit Linux systems limit the size of both the file and file system to 16 tebibytes.
An otherwise blank disk has five files, A through E, each using 10 blocks of space (for this section, a block is an allocation unit of the filesystem; the block size is set when the disk is formatted and can be any size supported by the filesystem). On a blank disk, all of these files would be allocated one after the other (see example 1 in the ...
Partially recovered files where the original file name cannot be reconstructed are typically recovered to a "lost+found" directory that is stored at the root of the file system. A system administrator can also run fsck manually if they believe there is a problem with the file system. The file system is normally checked while unmounted, mounted ...
It was created by Chris Mason in 2007 [15] for use in Linux, and since November 2013, the file system's on-disk format has been declared stable in the Linux kernel. [16] Btrfs is intended to address the lack of pooling, snapshots, checksums, and integral multi-device spanning in Linux file systems. [9]
Since 2008, Namesys employees have received 100% of their sponsored funding from DARPA. [22] [23] [24] In 2010, Phoronix wrote that Edward Shishkin was exploring options to get Reiser4 merged into Linux kernel mainline. [25] As of 2019, the file system is still being updated for new kernel releases, but has not been submitted for merging. [3]
The table below shows the default file system, but many Linux distributions support some or all of ext2, ext3, ext4, Btrfs, ReiserFS, Reiser4, JFS, XFS, GFS2, OCFS2, and NILFS. It is possible to install Linux onto most of these file systems. The ext file systems, namely ext2, ext3, and ext4 are based on the original Linux file system.
In 2009 Squashfs was merged into Linux mainline as part of Linux 2.6.29. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] In that process, the backward-compatibility code for older formats was removed. Since then the Squashfs kernel-space code has been maintained in the Linux mainline tree, while the user-space tools remain on the project's GitHub page.