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Timpani is an Italian plural, the singular of which is timpano. However, in English the term timpano is only widely in use by practitioners: several are more typically referred to collectively as kettledrums, timpani, temple drums, or timps. They are also often incorrectly termed timpanis. A musician who plays timpani is a timpanist.
By the 17th century, the timpani moved indoors for good and composers began to demand more from timpanists than ever before. The timpani was first introduced to the court orchestras and opera ensembles as well as in larger church works. [7] Due to this move indoors, a much more formalized way of playing and approaching the timpani was developed.
Percussion: timpani, snare drum, bass drum, chimes, etc. Keyboard instruments: celesta, organ, piano; String instruments: harp, violins, violas, cellos, basses, frequently abbreviated to 'str', 'strs' or similar. If any soloists or a choir are called for, their parts are usually printed between the percussion/keyboards and the strings in the score.
The Italian word for "echo"; an effect in which a group of notes is repeated, usually more softly, and perhaps at a different octave, to create an echo effect égal (Fr.) Equal eilend (Ger.) Hurrying ein wenig (Ger.) A little einfach (Ger.) Simple emporté (Fr.) Fiery, impetuous en animant (Fr.) Becoming very lively en cédant (Fr.) Yielding en ...
The orchestra plays a decisive role in structure and tone painting. [1] The oratorio has five solo roles, in Part I and II the three archangels Gabriel , Uriel and Raphael , in Part III Adam (bass) and Eve (soprano). The final movement needs an additional alto soloist. The chorus is in four parts, SATB. [1]
This underlies the division of the orchestral percussion section into auxiliary percussion, tuned percussion and timpani, and is the reason percussive keyboard instruments such as the celesta are excluded from the percussion section. Origins, cultural significance or tradition, for example grouping instruments as Latin percussion or as African ...
Musicologist Julian Mincham notes that "the sweeping exhilaration of this movement is impossible to describe in words". [13] Bach reused the movement as the opening movement of his Christmas Oratorio, "Jauchzet, frohlocket" (Shout for joy, exult). [12] The voices imitate the sound of timpani and trumpets even with the new text. [5]
The Western concert flute refers to both the family of transverse (side-blown) woodwind instruments made of metal or wood and its most common member. A musician who plays the flute is called a “flautist” in British English, and a “flutist” in American English.