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The Hebrew alphabet (Hebrew: אָלֶף־בֵּית עִבְרִי, Alefbet ivri), known variously by scholars as the Ktav Ashuri, Jewish script, square script and block script, is an abjad script used in the writing of the Hebrew language and other Jewish languages, most notably Yiddish, Ladino, Judeo-Arabic, and Judeo-Persian. In modern ...
(In Hebrew, the first word is anoki (אָנֹכִי ), which starts with an aleph.) In the Sefer Yetzirah, the letter aleph is king over breath, formed air in the universe, temperate in the year, and the chest in the soul. Aleph is also the first letter of the Hebrew word emet (אֱמֶת ), which means truth.
Ancient Hebrew writings are texts written in Biblical Hebrew using the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet before the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE.. The earliest known precursor to Hebrew, an inscription in the Paleo-Hebrew alphabet, is the Khirbet Qeiyafa Inscription (11th–10th century BCE), [1] if it can be considered Hebrew at that early a stage.
Others believed that Paleo-Hebrew merely served as a stopgap in a time when the ostensibly original script (the Hebrew alphabet) had been lost. [13] According to both opinions, Ezra the Scribe (c. 500 BCE) introduced, or reintroduced the Assyrian script to be used as the primary alphabet for the Hebrew language. [10] The arguments given for ...
The 'hard' pronunciation of the first letter in each pair is unequivocally denoted by a dot in the middle of the letter. The 'soft' pronunciation is similarly notated with a horizontal bar over the letter . Most orthographic systems usually only point one of the two characters in a pair but may be inconsistent from pair to pair in indicating ...
A small four-sided spinning top with a Hebrew letter on each side. The letters on the dreidel are the first letters in a Hebrew phrase that means “A Great Miracle Happened There.” Players spin ...
The Phoenician alphabet was deciphered in 1758 by Jean-Jacques Barthélemy, but its relation to the Phoenicians remained unknown until the 19th century. It was at first believed that the script was a direct variation of Egyptian hieroglyphs, [18] which were deciphered by Champollion in the early 19th century.
The "Square" variant now known simply as the Hebrew alphabet evolved directly out of this by about the 3rd century BCE, although some letter shapes did not become standard until the 1st century. By contrast, the Samaritan script is an immediate continuation of the Proto-Hebrew script without intermediate non-Israelite evolutionary stages.