Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Hyponatremia. Hyponatremia or hyponatraemia is a low concentration of sodium in the blood. [4] It is generally defined as a sodium concentration of less than 135 mmol/L (135 mEq/L), with severe hyponatremia being below 120 mEq/L. [3][8] Symptoms can be absent, mild or severe. [2][9] Mild symptoms include a decreased ability to think, headaches ...
Hypernatremia, also spelled hypernatraemia, is a high concentration of sodium in the blood. [3] Early symptoms may include a strong feeling of thirst, weakness, nausea, and loss of appetite. [1] Severe symptoms include confusion, muscle twitching, and bleeding in or around the brain. [1][2] Normal serum sodium levels are 135–145 mmol/L (135 ...
Pseudohyponatremia is a false low sodium reading that can be caused by high levels of fats or proteins in the blood. [9] [3] Dilutional hyponatremia can happen in diabetics as high glucose levels pull water into the blood stream causing the sodium concentration to be lower.
[4] [6] In adults and children with no acute illness, a decrease in the intake of sodium from the typical high levels reduces blood pressure. [ 68 ] [ 70 ] A low sodium diet results in a greater improvement in blood pressure in people with hypertension .
High sodium consumption (5 g or more of salt per day) and insufficient potassium intake (less than 3.5 grams (0.12 oz) per day) have been linked to high blood pressure and increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. [5] [6] As an essential nutrient, sodium is involved in numerous cellular and organ functions. Several national ...
t. e. Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry ...
Plasma osmolality measures the body's electrolyte–water balance. [1] There are several methods for arriving at this quantity through measurement or calculation. Osmolality and osmolarity are measures that are technically different, but functionally the same for normal use. Whereas osmolality (with an "l") is defined as the number of osmoles ...
Metabolic acidosis can lead to acidemia, which is defined as arterial blood pH that is lower than 7.35. [6] Acidemia and acidosis are not mutually exclusive – pH and hydrogen ion concentrations also depend on the coexistence of other acid-base disorders; therefore, pH levels in people with metabolic acidosis can range from low to high.