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The pluperfect (shortening of plusquamperfect), usually called past perfect in English, characterizes certain verb forms and grammatical tenses involving an action from an antecedent point in time. Examples in English are: "we had arrived " before the game began; "they had been writing " when the bell rang.
The pluperfect represents any meaning which the perfect tense can have, but transferred to a reference time in the past. Prior event. The pluperfect can be used as in English to describe an event that had happened earlier than the time of the narrative: quae gēns paucīs ante mēnsibus ad Caesarem lēgātōs mīserat (Caesar) [194]
In mathematics, a multiply perfect number (also called multiperfect number or pluperfect number) is a generalization of a perfect number. For a given natural number k, a number n is called k-perfect (or k-fold perfect) if the sum of all positive divisors of n (the divisor function, σ (n)) is equal to kn; a number is thus perfect if and only if ...
Latin grammar. In linguistics and grammar, conjugation has two basic meanings. [1] One meaning is the creation of derived forms of a verb from basic forms, or principal parts. The second meaning of the word conjugation is a group of verbs which all have the same pattern of inflections. Thus all those Latin verbs which in the present tense have ...
nesciebam quid fecisset (pluperfect subjunctive) 'I didn't know what he had done/had been doing' If the main verb is a historic present (i.e. a present tense with a past meaning), either primary or historic sequence may be used, or in a long sentence even a mixture of the two: legatos mittunt qui pacem petant/peterent (present or imperfect ...
Romance verbs are the most inflected part of speech in the language family. In the transition from Latin to the Romance languages, verbs went through many phonological, syntactic, and semantic changes. Most of the distinctions present in classical Latin continued to be made, but synthetic forms were often replaced with more analytic ones.
Latin grammar. Conditional clauses in Latin are clauses which start with the conjunction sī 'if' or the equivalent. [1] The 'if'-clause in a conditional sentence is known as the protasis, and the consequence is called the apodosis. [2]
Narcissistic number. In number theory, a narcissistic number[1][2] (also known as a pluperfect digital invariant (PPDI), [3] an Armstrong number[4] (after Michael F. Armstrong) [5] or a plus perfect number) [6] in a given number base is a number that is the sum of its own digits each raised to the power of the number of digits.