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  2. Anderson's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson's_rule

    The band gap (usually given the symbol ) gives the energy difference between the lower edge of the conduction band and the upper edge of the valence band. Each semiconductor has different electron affinity and band gap values. For semiconductor alloys it may be necessary to use Vegard's law to calculate these values.

  3. Charge carrier density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_carrier_density

    For holes, is the number of holes per unit volume in the valence band. To calculate this number for electrons, we start with the idea that the total density of conduction-band electrons, , is just adding up the conduction electron density across the different energies in the band, from the bottom of the band to the top of the band .

  4. List of electromagnetism equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_electromagnetism...

    Continuous charge distribution. The volume charge density ρ is the amount of charge per unit volume (cube), surface charge density σ is amount per unit surface area (circle) with outward unit normal n̂, d is the dipole moment between two point charges, the volume density of these is the polarization density P.

  5. Bond valence method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_valence_method

    Compounds can be constructed by linking carbon and hydrogen atoms with bonds that are all exactly equivalent. Under certain conditions, nitrogen can form three bonds and oxygen two, but since nitrogen and oxygen typically also form hydrogen bonds , the resulting N-H and O-H bonds have valences less than 1.0 vu, leading through the application ...

  6. Electron mobility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_mobility

    As , where is the scattering cross section for electrons and holes at a scattering center and is a thermal average (Boltzmann statistics) over all electron or hole velocities in the lower conduction band or upper valence band, temperature dependence of the mobility can be determined. In here, the following definition for the scattering cross ...

  7. Equivalent width - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_width

    The equivalent width of a spectral line is a measure of the area of the line on a plot of intensity versus wavelength in relation to underlying continuum level. It is found by forming a rectangle with a height equal to that of continuum emission, and finding the width such that the area of the rectangle is equal to the area in the spectral line.

  8. Electronic properties of graphene - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_properties_of...

    The two bands touch at the zone corners (the K point in the Brillouin zone), where there is a zero density of states but no band gap. The graphene sheet thus displays a semimetallic (or zero-gap semiconductor) character. Two of the six Dirac points are independent, while the rest are equivalent by symmetry.

  9. G band - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G_band

    G band may refer to: G band (IEEE), a millimetre wave band from 110 to 300 GHz; G band (NATO), a radio frequency band from 4 to 6 GHz; G band, representing a green hued wavelength of 464 nm in the photometric systems adopted by astronomers; G banding, in cytogenetics; The G Band, alternative name of The Glitter Band