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Lithium amide, when mixed with lithium hydride, shows applications in hydrogen storage. [4] [3] The reaction begins with lithium amide's decomposition into ammonia and lithium imide. Lithium hydride then deprotonates ammonia to form lithium amide. The reverse reaction can occur between hydrogen and the lithium imide side product.
Lithium imide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Li 2 N H. This white solid can be formed by a reaction between lithium amide and lithium hydride. [1] LiNH 2 + LiH → Li 2 NH + H 2. The product is light-sensitive and can undergo disproportionation to lithium amide and characteristically red lithium nitride. 2 Li 2 NH → LiNH 2 ...
Heating lithium amide with lithium hydride yields lithium imide and hydrogen gas. This reaction takes place as released ammonia reacts with lithium hydride. [2] Heating magnesium amide to about 400 °C yields magnesium imide with the loss of ammonia. Magnesium imide itself decomposes if heated between 455 and 490 °C. [6]
Under hydrogen at around 200°C, Li 3 N will react to form lithium amide. [10] Li 3 N + 2 H 2 → 2LiH + 2LiNH 2. At higher temperatures it will react further to form ammonia and lithium hydride. LiNH 2 + H 2 → LiH + NH 3. Lithium imide can also be formed under certain conditions. Some research has explored this as a possible industrial ...
The result is a condensation reaction: [5] (RCO) 2 O + R′NH 2 → (RCO) 2 NR′ + H 2 O. These reactions proceed via the intermediacy of amides. The intramolecular reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amide is far faster than the intermolecular reaction, which is rarely observed.
An intramolecular S N 2 reaction by the anion forms the cyclic backbone of morphine. [14] Synthesis of morphine using lithium–halogen exchange. Lithium–halogen exchange is a crucial part of Parham cyclization. [15] In this reaction, an aryl halide (usually iodide or bromide) exchanges with organolithium to form a lithiated arene species.
More recently, he has worked on lightweight hydrogen storage materials [9] [10] such as reversible imide-amide systems. [11] Following his discovery of a new family of ammonia-decomposition catalysts, his main energy research interests are in materials that facilitate the safe and effective utilisation of ammonia as an energy vector.
Amide reduction is a reaction in organic synthesis where an amide is reduced to either an amine or an aldehyde functional group. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Catalytic hydrogenation