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[citation needed] Annuit cœptis comes from the Aeneid, book IX, line 635, which reads, Iuppiter omnipotens, audacibus adnue coeptis. [11] It is a prayer by Ascanius, the son of the hero of the story, Aeneas, which translates to, "Jupiter Almighty, favour [my] bold undertakings", just before slaying an enemy warrior, Numanus.
Two mottos appear: Annuit cœptis signifies that Providence has "approved of (our) undertakings." [32] Novus ordo seclorum, freely taken from Virgil, [33] is Latin for "a new order of the ages." [34] The reverse has never been cut (as a seal) but appears, for example, on the back of the one-dollar bill.
Reverse side of the Great Seal of the United States. The phrase Novus ordo seclorum (English: / ˈ n oʊ v ə s ˈ ɔːr d oʊ s ɛ ˈ k l ɔːr əm /, Latin: [ˈnɔwʊs ˈoːrdoː seːˈkloːrũː]; "New order of the ages") is one of two Latin mottos on the reverse side of the Great Seal of the United States.
When designing the final version of the Great Seal, Thomson (a former Latin teacher) kept the pyramid and eye for the reverse side but replaced the two mottos, using Annuit Cœptis instead of Deo Favente (and Novus ordo seclorum instead of Perennis). When he provided his official explanation of the meaning of this motto, he wrote:
The Eye of Providence can be found on the reverse of the Great Seal of the United States, as seen on the U.S. $1 bill, depicted here.. The Eye of Providence or All-Seeing Eye is a symbol depicting an eye, often enclosed in a triangle and surrounded by rays of light or a halo, intended to represent Providence, as the eye watches over the workers of mankind.
The reverse of the Great Seal of the United States was designed by William Barton, and features two mottos: Annuit Cœptis and Novus Ordo Seclorum. May 2009 A lithograph from 1876, showing the seals of the then-47 U.S. states and territories as well as the District of Columbia .
The last part of the hexameter became the United States motto annuit coeptis. The name Iulus was popularised by Virgil in the Aeneid: replacing the Greek name Ascanius with Iulus linked the Julian family of Rome to earlier mythology. The emperor Augustus, who commissioned the work, was a great patron of the arts.
The one-dollar bill has the oldest overall design of all U.S. currency currently being produced. [note 1] The reverse design of the present dollar debuted in 1935, and the obverse in 1963 when it was first issued as a Federal Reserve Note (previously, one-dollar bills were Silver Certificates). A dollar bill is composed of 25% linen and