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Modern reconstruction of the ancient world map of Eratosthenes from c. 200 BC, using the names Ariana and Persis. The Greeks (who had previously tended to use names related to "Median") began to use adjectives such as Pérsēs (Πέρσης), Persikḗ (Περσική) or Persís (Περσίς) in the fifth century BC to refer to Cyrus the Great's empire (a word understood to mean "country"). [17]
In both the geographic and demonymic senses, Ērān is distinguished from the antonymic Anērān, literally meaning "non-Iran" (i.e., non-Aryan). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In the geographic sense, Ērān was also distinguished from Ērānšahr , which was the preferred endonym of the Sasanian Empire , notwithstanding the fact that it included lands that were ...
Iran officially uses the full title in all governance names referring to the country (e.g. the Islamic Republic of Iran Army or the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting); as opposed to its equivalents in Pakistan which are called the Pakistan Armed Forces and the Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation. Also, unlike the other countries, Iran uses ...
Iran, [a] [b] officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) [c] and also known as Persia, [d] is a country in West Asia.It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south.
The modern name Iran represents a different form of the ancient name Ariana, which was derived from Airyanem Vaejah and implies that Iran is the Ariana itself, a word that is found in Old Persian, [7] a view supported by the traditions of the country preserved by Muslim writers in the 9th and the 10th centuries. [8]
The national emblem of the Islamic Republic of Iran features four curves and a sword, surmounted by a shadda. The emblem was designed by Hamid Nadimi, and was officially approved by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the first Supreme Leader of Iran, on 9 May 1980. The four curves, surmounted by the shadda, are a stylized representation of the word ...
The Iranian Revolution, also known as the Islamic Revolution, [192] was the revolution that transformed Iran from an absolute monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, one of the leaders of the revolution and founder of the Islamic Republic. [22]
The Islamization of Iran began with the Muslim conquest of Iran, when the Rashidun Caliphate annexed the Sasanian Empire.It was a long process by which Islam, though initially rejected, eventually spread among the Persians and the other Iranian peoples.