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Similar to Sn 63 Pb 37. Copper content increases hardness of the alloy and inhibits dissolution of soldering iron tips and part leads in molten solder. Sn 63 Pb 37 P 0.0015-0.04: 183 [64] Pb: Yes: Sn63PbP. A special alloy for HASL machines. Addition of phosphorus reduces oxidation. Unsuitable for wave soldering as it may form metal foam. Pb 80 ...
Most lead-free replacements for conventional 60/40 and 63/37 Sn-Pb solder have melting points from 50 to 200 °C higher, [17] though there are also solders with much lower melting points. Lead-free solder typically requires around 2% flux by mass for adequate wetting ability. [18]
Lead free soldering requires higher soldering temperatures than lead/tin soldering. Sn Pb 63/37 eutectic solder melts at 183 °C. SAC lead-free solder melts at 217–220 °C. Nevertheless, many new technical challenges have arisen with this endeavor.
The melting point of SAC alloys is 217–220 °C, or about 34 °C higher than the melting point of the eutectic tin-lead (63/37) alloy. This requires peak temperatures in the range of 235–245 °C to achieve wetting and wicking. [1]
Eutectic alloys for soldering, both traditional alloys composed of lead (Pb) and tin (Sn), sometimes with additional silver (Ag) or gold (Au) — especially Sn 63 Pb 37 and Sn 62 Pb 36 Ag 2 alloy formula for electronics - and newer lead-free soldering alloys, in particular ones composed of tin, silver, and copper (Cu) such as Sn 96.5 Ag 3.5.
Large use on small electric motors, where soft soldering would fail on overheating. Used for soldering gun parts instead of soft solders due to high resistance to alkali solutions used for blacking, and due to higher strength at high temperatures. Gray color. 5: 95: Cu 58 Zn 37 Ag 5: Ag–Cu–Zn 840/880 [37] – Braze 051.
The more common lead-free solder systems have a higher melting point, e.g. a 30 °C typical difference for tin-silver-copper alloys, but wave soldering temperatures are approximately the same at ~255 °C; [47] however at this temperature most typical lead-free solders have longer wetting times than eutectic Pb/Sn 37:63 solder. [49]
Additionally, for a given fixed homologous temperature, two materials with different melting points would have similar diffusion-dependent deformation behaviour. For example, solder (T mp = 456 K) at 115 °C would have comparable mechanical properties to copper (T mp = 1358 K) at 881 °C, because they would both be at 0.85T mp despite being at ...