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Since 2000, in response to the need for standardization, various bodies and agencies have published guidelines for digital forensics. The Scientific Working Group on Digital Evidence (SWGDE) produced a 2002 paper, Best practices for Computer Forensics, this was followed, in 2005, by the publication of an ISO standard (ISO 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and ...
Its spread was halted by an OS upgrade that changed the format of the file status tables PERVADE used. Though non-malicious, "Pervading Animal" represents the first Trojan "in the wild". [12] The novel The Shockwave Rider by John Brunner is published, coining the word "worm" to describe a program that propagates itself through a computer ...
The final revised documentation for PDF 1.7 was approved by ISO Technical Committee 171 in January 2008 and published as ISO 32000-1:2008 on July 1, 2008, and titled Document management – Portable document format – Part 1: PDF 1.7. ISO 32000-1:2008 is the first ISO standard for full function PDF.
On 26 March 1999, the Melissa worm infected a document on a victim's computer, then automatically emailed that document and a copy of the virus to other people. In February 2000, an individual going by the alias of MafiaBoy began a series of denial-of-service attacks against high-profile websites, including Yahoo! , Dell, Inc. , E*TRADE , eBay ...
The California Comprehensive Computer Data Access and Fraud Act is in §502 of the California Penal Code. According to the State Administrative Manual of California, the Act affords protection to individuals, businesses, and governmental agencies from tampering, interference, damage, and unauthorized access to lawfully created computer data and ...
It has been argued that this change of format may mean digital evidence does not qualify under the "best evidence rule". [4] However, the "Federal Rules of Evidence" rule 1001(3) states "if data are stored in a computer…, any printout or other output readable by sight, shown to reflect the data accurately, is an ‘original.’" [ 11 ]
The incident appeared as the cover story of Newsweek with the title "Beware: Hackers at play". [18] As a result, the U.S. House of Representatives held hearings on computer security and passed several laws. The group KILOBAUD is formed in February, kicking off a series of other hacker groups that formed soon after.
the Northern California Computer Crimes Task Force (NC3TF) of the Marin County District Attorney's Office; the Rapid Enforcement Allied Computer Team (REACT) of the Santa Clara County District Attorney's Office; the Southern California High Tech Task Force (SCHTTF) of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department