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A corn wet-milling facility in Lafayette Indiana operated by A.E. Staley Manufacturing Company. Corn wet-milling is a process of breaking corn kernels into their component parts: corn oil, protein, corn starch, and fiber. It uses water and a series of steps to separate the parts to be used for various products. [1]
An 1836 lithograph of tortilla production in rural Mexico Bowl of hominy (nixtamalized corn kernels). Nixtamalization (/ ˌ n ɪ ʃ t ə m ə l ɪ ˈ z eɪ ʃ ən / nish-tə-mə-lih-ZAY-shən) is a process for the preparation of maize, or other grain, in which the grain is soaked and cooked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater (but sometimes aqueous alkali metal carbonates), [1] washed ...
The latter are made from nixtamal, i.e. dry corn kernels cooked with lime, then rinsed with water, which softens the kernels and produces a paste. Maize or nixtamal can be ground for preparations other than patties: tamales , pozole , atole , pinole , and masa , with variations in the fineness of the grind depending on the use.
Currently, dry milling is mainly focused on corn-based products for human and animal consumption, or utilized during fuel ethanol production. The main objective of the dry-milling process is to separate the endosperm , which is mainly composed of starch , from the germ and pericarp fibers as much as possible.
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To make hominy, field corn (maize) grain is dried, and then it is treated by soaking and cooking the mature (hard) grain in a dilute solution of lye (potassium hydroxide) (which can be produced from water and wood ash) or slaked lime (calcium hydroxide from limestone). The maize is then washed thoroughly to remove the bitter flavor of the lye ...
The drying cost is made up of two parts: the capital cost and the operating cost. Capital cost is largely depend on the drying rate requirement, and equipment cost. Operating cost refers to fuel, electricity and labor force cost. The amount of energy required to dry a bushel of grain is similar for all the drying methods.
Multicoloured kernels on a single corn cob. Corn kernels are the fruits of maize. Maize is a grain, and the kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable or a source of starch. The kernels can be of various colors: blackish, bluish-gray, purple, green, red, white and yellow. The kernel of maize consists of a pericarp (fruit