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The evaluation of hematuria is dependent upon the visibility of the blood in the urine (i.e. visible/gross vs microscopic hematuria). [6] Visible hematuria must be investigated, as it may be due to a pathological cause. [1] [6] In those with visible hematuria, urological cancer (most frequently bladder or kidney cancer) is discovered in 20–25 ...
Prostate cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in men in over half of the world's countries, and the leading cause of cancer death in men in around a quarter of countries. [ 92 ] Prostate cancer is rare in those under 40 years old, [ 93 ] and most cases occur in those over 60 years, [ 2 ] with the average person diagnosed at 67. [ 94 ]
Microhematuria, also called microscopic hematuria (both usually abbreviated as MH), is a medical condition in which urine contains small amounts of blood; the blood quantity is too low to change the color of the urine (otherwise, it is known as gross hematuria).
Surgical removal of the prostate, or prostatectomy, is a common treatment either for early-stage prostate cancer or for cancer that has failed to respond to radiation therapy. The most common type is radical retropubic prostatectomy , when the surgeon removes the prostate through an abdominal incision.
The test commonly checks for infection, inflammatory disease of the urinary tract, cancer, or precancerous conditions. It can be part of a broader urinalysis . If a cancerous condition is detected, other tests and procedures are usually recommended to diagnose cancers, including bladder cancer , ureteral cancer and cancer of the urethra .
Most patients with thin basement membrane disease are incidentally discovered to have microscopic hematuria on urinalysis. The blood pressure, kidney function, and the urinary protein excretion are usually normal. Mild proteinuria (less than 1.5 g/day) and hypertension are seen in a small minority of patients.
Several conditions can affect the bladder including urinary tract infections, bladder stones, bladder cancer, overactive bladder, cystitis, interstitial cystitis, abscess, fistula, and urinary incontinence. [4] [5] [1] Bladder diseases are commonly diagnosed through testing requested by a medical professional.
The presence of hematuria, or blood in the urine, may indicate acute UTIs, kidney disease, kidney stones, inflammation of the prostate (in men), endometriosis (in women), or cancer of the urinary tract. In some cases, blood in the urine results from athletic training, particularly in runners. [citation needed]