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Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) was first defined by Dr. Brian McCabe in a landmark paper describing an autoimmune loss of hearing. [2] The disease results in progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) that acts bilaterally and asymmetrically, and sometimes affects an individual's vestibular system .
Two or more episodes of vertigo or dizziness, each lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours; Fluctuating aural symptoms (hearing, tinnitus, or fullness) in the reported ear; Not better accounted for by another vestibular diagnosis; A common and important symptom of MD is hypersensitivity to sounds. [16]
Inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs), sometimes called Idiopathic (IIDDs) due to the unknown etiology of some of them, are a heterogenous group of demyelinating diseases - conditions that cause damage to myelin, the protective sheath of nerve fibers - that occur against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process.
[16] [17] Any cause of inflammation such as common cold, influenza, and bacterial infections may cause transient vertigo if it involves the inner ear, as may chemical insults (e.g., aminoglycosides) [18] or physical trauma (e.g., skull fractures). Motion sickness is sometimes classified as a cause of peripheral vertigo. [citation needed]
Tinnitus is a common vestibulopathy. Migraines have often been associated with vestibulopathies. Ménière's disease, which is strongly associated to vestibulopathy, is considered to be "a challenging and relentless disorder." [8]
Diagnosis is based on symptoms and a hearing test that documents a loss in the low and mid frequencies, usually only in one ear. For patients with mild or atypical hydrops, the hearing thresholds may be normal, but they may experience a subjective, unilateral distortion of sounds in lower frequencies, such as diplacusis or that voices are ...
TTTS can present as a variety of symptoms, including sensation of fullness in the ear, tinnitus, rhythmic sounds such as clicks and flutter of the tympanic membrane, ear fullness, a frequent "popping" sensation, hyperacusis, and mild vertigo. [3] These symptoms tend to last for a short period of time.
Uveitis with poliosis of the eyelashes. The disease is characterised by bilateral diffuse uveitis, with pain, redness and blurring of vision.The eye symptoms may be accompanied by a varying constellation of systemic symptoms, such as auditory (tinnitus, [6] vertigo, [6] and hypoacusis), neurological (meningismus, with malaise, fever, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, stiffness of the neck and ...
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