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The Earth's magnetic field strength was measured by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1832 [69] and has been repeatedly measured since then, showing a relative decay of about 10% over the last 150 years. [70] The Magsat satellite and later satellites have used 3-axis vector magnetometers to probe the 3-D structure of the Earth's magnetic field.
Magnetic induction B (also known as magnetic flux density) has the SI unit tesla [T or Wb/m 2]. [1] One tesla is equal to 10 4 gauss. Magnetic field drops off as the inverse cube of the distance ( 1 / distance 3 ) from a dipole source. Energy required to produce laboratory magnetic fields increases with the square of magnetic field. [2]
A magnetic field (sometimes called B-field [1]) is a physical field that describes the magnetic influence on moving electric charges, electric currents, [2]: ch1 [3] and magnetic materials. A moving charge in a magnetic field experiences a force perpendicular to its own velocity and to the magnetic field.
The following examples are listed in the ascending order of the magnetic-field strength. 3.2 × 10 −5 T (31.869 μT) – strength of Earth's magnetic field at 0° latitude, 0° longitude; 4 × 10 −5 T (40 μT) – walking under a high-voltage power line [9] 5 × 10 −3 T (5 mT) – the strength of a typical refrigerator magnet
This image shows magnetic declination, or the angle between magnetic and geographic north, according to the World Magnetic Model released in 2025. Red is magnetic north to the east of geographic ...
Strength of the axial dipole component of Earth's magnetic field from 1600 to 2020, according to three models. Secular variation can be observed in measurements at magnetic observatories, some of which have been operating for hundreds of years (the Kew Observatory, for example).
And that’s with Earth’s magnetic field at its current strength. It's frightening to imagine the devastation a storm would bring to an Earth with a magnetic field only 10% as strong.
Earth’s magnetic poles are just experiencing a “soft spot” that will probably disappear in a few hundred years. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290 ...