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A round-trip translation is not testing one system, but two systems: the language pair of the engine for translating into the target language, and the language pair translating back from the target language. Consider the following examples of round-trip translation performed from English to Italian and Portuguese from Somers (2005):
C is the number of correct words, N is the number of words in the reference (N=S+D+C) The intuition behind 'deletion' and 'insertion' is how to get from the reference to the hypothesis. So if we have the reference "This is wikipedia" and hypothesis "This _ wikipedia", we call it a deletion. Note that since N is the number of words in the ...
Statistical and neural machine translation: Moses: Cross-platform: LGPL: No fee required: 4.0 [6] Yes: Drop-in replacement for Pharaoh, features factored translation models and decoding of confusion networks. Moses for Mere Mortals: Ubuntu Linux: GPL: No fee required: 2014-11-16: Yes: Free open source; based on Moses; translation memories ...
The word-based translation is not widely used today; phrase-based systems are more common. Most phrase-based systems are still using GIZA++ to align the corpus [citation needed]. The alignments are used to extract phrases or deduce syntax rules. [11] And matching words in bi-text is still a problem actively discussed in the community.
A DMT system is designed for a specific source and target language pair and the translation unit of which is usually a word. Translation is then performed on representations of the source sentence structure and meaning respectively through syntactic and semantic transfer approaches. A transfer-based machine translation system involves three ...
Among the top 100 words in the English language, which make up more than 50% of all written English, the average word has more than 15 senses, [134] which makes the odds against a correct translation about 15 to 1 if each sense maps to a different word in the target language. Most common English words have at least two senses, which produces 50 ...
A translation memory (TM) is a database that stores "segments", which can be sentences, paragraphs or sentence-like units (headings, titles or elements in a list) that have previously been translated, in order to aid human translators.
Since the late 1980s, translation memory tools have been developed to increase productivity and make the whole translation process faster for the translator. In the 1990s, fuzzy matching began to take off as a prominent feature of TM tools, and despite some issues concerning the extra work involved in editing a fuzzy match "proposal", it is ...
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