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Chemical structure of tropane which forms the core of tropane alkaloids Chemical structure and phylogeny of tropane alkaloids. Displayed are 3 chemical compounds that occur as natural products in 5 plant species. Tropane alkaloids are a class of bicyclic [3.2.1] alkaloids and secondary metabolites that contain a tropane ring in their chemical ...
Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound. It is mainly known for the other alkaloids derived from it, which include atropine and cocaine , among others. Tropane alkaloids occur in plants of the families Erythroxylaceae (including coca ) and Solanaceae (including mandrake , henbane , deadly nightshade , datura , potato , tomato ).
All Datura plants contain tropane alkaloids such as scopolamine and atropine, primarily in their seeds and flowers, as well as the roots of certain species such as D. wrightii. Because of the presence of these substances, Datura has been used for centuries in some cultures as a poison .
Seed, flower, leaf: Tropane alkaloids: Deliriant: South America, [6] sometimes used as part of ayahuasca. Ayahuasca: Banisteriopsis caapi: Bark: Harmine 0.31-0.84%, [7] tetrahydroharmine, telepathine, dihydroshihunine, [8] 5-MeO-DMT [9] Psychedelic: South America; people of the Amazon Rainforest. UDV of Brazil and United States. Bolivian torch ...
Tropane alkaloid biosynthesis is another avenue of defense with codons positively selected and expanded in the Datura branch. It is aided by the tropane alkaloid Littorine rearrangement which is very important to scopolamine and atropine/hyoscyamine production, all of which serve to debilitate any organism that would come into contact with them.
Tropane alkaloids (scopolamine, atropine, and hyoscyamine) Brugmansia. Commonly known as 'angel's trumpets'. An anticholinergic deliriant. [124] Indole alkaloids (harmine, manacine, brunfelsamidine), Tropane alkaloids (scopolamine) Brunfelsia. Known to cause delirium, sustained mental confusion, and possible blindness. [125] Unknown Calea ...
A shrub or small tree to 10 m in height, bearing attractive, magenta-to-red, hummingbird-pollinated flowers, it is extremely poisonous – hallucinogenic in smaller doses – due to tropane alkaloid content and is used by Chilean machi of the Mapuche–Huilliche people in traditional medicine, as a poison and to enter trance states.
Individual flowers are bell-shaped, whitish through to violet, and followed by yellow or orange berries. Like many members of the Solanaceae, species of Mandragora contain highly biologically active alkaloids that make the plants poisonous. [1] Their roots in particular have a long use in traditional medicine. [2]