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After the required incubation period, when an even lawn of growth is distinctly visible, the MIC value is read where the pointed end of the inhibition ellipse intersects the side of the strip. Etests can be used as an alternative method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations of a wide range of antimicrobial agents against different ...
MDCalc is a free online medical reference for healthcare professionals that provides point-of-care clinical decision-support tools, including medical calculators, scoring systems, and algorithms. [1] MDCalc is also a mobile and web app. [ 2 ] The decision-support tools are based on published clinical research, [ 3 ] and MDCalc’s content is ...
Both are known to cause disease in dogs, while most human cases are caused by P. wickerhami. [2] Prototheca is found worldwide in sewage and soil. Infection is rare despite high exposure, and can be related to a defective immune system. [3] In dogs, females and Collies are most commonly affected. [4]
Campylobacter fetus is a rod-shaped, gram-negative species of bacteria within the genus Campylobacter of phylum Pseudomonadota. [1] Identification of C. fetus species in infected animals or people is routinely performed by culture on blood or cefoperazone deoxycholate agar.
It is commonly found in the human digestive system. P. mirabilis is not pathogenic in guinea pigs or chickens [citation needed]. This species' ability to inhibit growth of unrelated strains had been a topic for scientific curiosity, which then resulted in the discovery a macroscopically visible line of reduced bacterial growth where two ...
The most common form of sterilization in dogs and cats is surgical, spaying in females and castration in males. Non-surgical fertility control can either result in sterilization or temporary contraception and could offer a cheaper way to keep wild dog and cat populations under control. As of 2019, only contraceptives are commercially available.
Most combination vaccines for dogs contain a modified canine adenovirus type-2. [4] CAV-2 is one of the causes of respiratory infections in dogs, but it is similar enough to CAV-1 that vaccine for one creates immunity for both. CAV-2 vaccine is much less likely to cause side effects than CAV-1 vaccine. [2]
The incubation period is one to three days. [7] The disease is highly contagious and is spread through the feces of infected dogs, who usually shed the virus for six to nine days, but sometimes for six months following infection. [6] Symptoms include diarrhea, vomiting, and anorexia. Diagnosis is through detection of virus particles in the feces.