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A high-level language which targets low-level hardware, most commonly used in the programming of FPGAs. It is a rich subset of C. HolyC: 2005 Terry A. Davis: A dialect of C for Terry's own operating system TempleOS. [9] [10] Java: 1991: James Gosling (Sun Microsystems) Created as Oak, and released to the public in 1995. It is an OODL based ...
A protocol describes how the algorithms should be used and includes details about data structures and representations, at which point it can be used to implement multiple, interoperable versions of a program. [1] Cryptographic protocols are widely used for secure application-level data transport.
The most commonly used encryption cipher suit is AES, [73] as it has hardware acceleration for all x86 based processors that has AES-NI. A close contender is ChaCha20-Poly1305, which is a stream cipher, however it is commonly used for mobile devices as they are ARM based which does not feature AES-NI instruction set extension.
It makes some of the plaintext structure visible in the ciphertext. Selecting other modes, such as using a sequential counter over the block prior to encryption (i.e., CTR mode) and removing it after decryption avoids this problem. Another mode, Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) is one of the most commonly used modes of AES due to its use in TLS. CBC ...
Symmetric key cryptography—compute a ciphertext decodable with the same key used to encode (e.g., AES) Public-key cryptography—compute a ciphertext decodable with a different key used to encode (e.g., RSA) Digital signatures—confirm the author of a message; Mix network—pool communications from many users to anonymize what came from whom
CMEA – cipher used in US cellphones, found to have weaknesses. CS-Cipher – 64-bit block; Data Encryption Standard (DES) – 64-bit block; FIPS 46-3, 1976; DEAL – an AES candidate derived from DES; DES-X – a variant of DES to increase the key size. FEAL; GDES – a DES variant designed to speed up encryption; Grand Cru – 128-bit block
AES block cipher pHash [11] fixed or variable see Perceptual hashing: dhash [12] 128 bits see Perceptual hashing: SDBM [2] [13] 32 or 64 bits mult/add or shift/add also used in GNU AWK: OSDB hash [14] 64 bits add komihash [15] 64 bits product/split/add/XOR
Most of the modern ciphers use iterative design with number of rounds usually chosen between 8 and 32 (with 64 and even 80 used in cryptographic hashes). [5] For some Feistel-like cipher descriptions, notably that of the RC5, a term "half-round" is used to define the transformation of part of the data (a distinguishing feature of the Feistel ...