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The magnitude of social loafing is reduced for women and individuals originating from Eastern cultures. Individuals are more likely to loaf when their co-workers are expected to perform well. Individuals reduce social loafing when working with acquaintances and do not loaf at all when they work in highly valued groups. [1]
Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually. [20] Social impact theory considers the extent to which individuals can be viewed as either sources or targets of social influence. When individuals work collectively, the demands of an outside source of social ...
Bystander effect. The bystander effect, or bystander apathy, is a social psychological theory that states that individuals are less likely to offer help to a victim in the presence of other people. First proposed in 1964 after the murder of Kitty Genovese, much research, mostly in psychology research laboratories, has focused on increasingly ...
Counterproductive work behavior. Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) is employee's behavior that goes against the legitimate interests of an organization. [ 1 ] This behavior can harm the organization, other people within it, and other people and organizations outside it, including employers, other employees, suppliers, clients, patients and ...
Social inhibition can be lowered by a few different factors, one of them being alcohol. Alcohol consumption can be seen to lower inhibitions in both men and women. Social inhibitions generally act to control or affect the way that one conducts themselves in a social setting.
This causes the group to minimize conflict and reach a consensus decision without critical evaluation. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Groupthink is a construct of social psychology but has an extensive reach and influences literature in the fields of communication studies , political science , management , and organizational theory , [ 4 ] as well as important ...
Workplace aggression is a specific type of aggression which occurs in the workplace. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Workplace aggression is any type of hostile behavior that occurs in the workplace. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] [ 4 ] It can range from verbal insults and threats to physical violence, and it can occur between coworkers, supervisors, and subordinates.
Social facilitation is a social phenomenon in which being in the presence of others improves individual task performance. [ 1 ][ 2 ] That is, people do better on tasks when they are with other people rather than when they are doing the task alone. Situations that elicit social facilitation include coaction, performing for an audience, and ...