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2. Bariatric surgery - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariatric_surgery

   Bariatric surgery (or metabolic surgery or weight loss surgery) is a medical term for surgical procedures used to manage obesity and obesity-related conditions. [1] [2] Long term weight loss with bariatric surgery may be achieved through alteration of gut hormones, physical reduction of stomach size, reduction of nutrient absorption, or a combination of these.

3. Jaw wiring - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaw_wiring

   Fixation can also be achieved by passing wires through the brackets of braces, which are commonly used before surgery. IMF is also used to aid weight loss; various studies from the 1970s and early 1980s used ivy loops and cap splints to wire the jaws together to enforce a liquid diet until such time as sufficient weight loss had been achieved ...

4. Orthognathic surgery - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthognathic_surgery

   Orthognathic surgery (/ ˌ ɔːr θ ə ɡ ˈ n æ θ ɪ k /), also known as corrective jaw surgery or simply jaw surgery, is surgery designed to correct conditions of the jaw and lower face related to structure, growth, airway issues including sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems primarily arising from skeletal disharmonies, and other orthodontic dental bite problems that cannot ...

5. Gastric bypass surgery - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_bypass_surgery

   Gastric bypass surgery refers to a technique in which the stomach is divided into a small upper pouch and a much larger lower "remnant" pouch, where the small intestine is rearranged to connect to both. Surgeons have developed several different ways to reconnect the intestine, thus leading to several different gastric bypass procedures (GBP).

6. Bariatrics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariatrics

   Terminology. The term bariatrics was coined around 1965, [2] from the Greek root bar - ("weight" as in barometer), suffix - iatr ("treatment," as in pediatrics), and suffix - ic ("pertaining to"). The field encompasses dieting, exercise and behavioral therapy approaches to weight loss, as well as pharmacotherapy and surgery.

7. Palatal expansion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_expansion

   A palatal expander is a device in the field of orthodontics which is used to widen the upper jaw (maxilla) [1] so that the bottom and upper teeth will fit together better. [2][3] This is a common orthodontic procedure. The use of an expander is most common in children and adolescents 8–18 years of age. It can also be used in adults, although ...