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Optimum currency area. In economics, an optimum currency area (OCA) or optimal currency region (OCR) is a geographical region in which it would maximize economic efficiency to have the entire region share a single currency. The underlying theory describes the optimal characteristics for the merger of currencies or the creation of a new currency.
World currency. The US dollar (top) and the euro are by far the most used currencies in terms of global reserves. In international finance, a world currency, supranational currency, or global currency is a currency that would be transacted internationally, with no set borders.
The North American monetary union is a theoretical economic and monetary union of three North American countries: Canada, Mexico, and the United States. Implementation would involve the three countries giving up their current currency units (the U.S. dollar, the Canadian dollar, and the Mexican peso) and adopting a new one, created specifically ...
A fixed exchange rate, often called a pegged exchange rate, is a type of exchange rate regime in which a currency 's value is fixed or pegged by a monetary authority against the value of another currency, a basket of other currencies, or another measure of value, such as gold. There are benefits and risks to using a fixed exchange rate system.
v. t. e. A currency[ a ] is a standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange, for example banknotes and coins. [ 1 ][ 2 ] A more general definition is that a currency is a system of money in common use within a specific environment over time, especially for people in a nation state. [ 3 ]
The reserve currency can be used in international transactions, international investments and all aspects of the global economy. It is often considered a hard currency or safe-haven currency. The United Kingdom's pound sterling was the primary reserve currency of much of the world in the 19th century and first half of the 20th century. [1]
Exchange-rate flexibility. In macroeconomics, a flexible exchange-rate system is a monetary system that allows the exchange rate to be determined by supply and demand. [1] Every currency area must decide what type of exchange rate arrangement to maintain. Between permanently fixed and completely flexible, some take heterogeneous approaches.
International monetary system. An international monetary system is a set of internationally agreed rules, conventions and supporting institutions that facilitate international trade, cross border investment and generally the reallocation of capital between states that have different currencies. [ 1 ] It should provide means of payment ...