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Etruscan funerary urn crowned with the sculpture of a woman and a front-panel relief showing two warriors fighting, polychrome terracotta, c. 150 BC. The mainstay of the Roman republic's war machine was the manipular legion, a heavy infantry unit suitable for close-quarter engagements on more or less any terrain, which was probably adopted sometime during the Samnite Wars (343–290 BC). [2]
Roman Empire. Type. Roman auxiliary cohort. Role. infantry. Size. 800 infantry, 240 cavalry. Cohors tertia Ulpia Petraeorum [sagittaria] [milliaria] [equitata] ("3rd Ulpian cohort from Petra, archers, 1000 strong, part-mounted") was a Roman auxiliary cohort of infantry and cavalry.
The Western section of the Notitia was drawn up in the 420's but the British units must date to before 410, when the island was evacuated by the Roman army. The names of ten praefecti (regimental commanders) are preserved, of which the origin of just one is certain: Quintus Petronius Urbicus from Brixia ( Brescia ) in northern Italy ( c. 220 ).
Late Roman army. The West Roman army disintegrated AD 425–470, whilst the East Roman army continued until the Muslim conquests, after which the theme system was created. The Tetrarchs, a porphyry statue on Venice 's Basilica di San Marco, shows the emperor Diocletian and his three imperial colleagues.
The overall size of the Roman forces in Roman Britain grew from about 40,000 in the mid 1st century AD to a maximum of about 55,000 in the mid 2nd century. [1] The proportion of auxiliaries in Britain grew from about 50% before 69 AD to over 70% in c. 150 AD. By the mid-2nd century, there were about 70 auxiliary regiments in Britain, for a ...
Cohors I Aelia Gaesatorum milliaria sagitt. Cohors [prima] Aelia Gaesatorum milliaria [peditata] sagittaria (" [1st infantry 1000 strong] archer Aelian cohort of Gaesati ") was a Roman auxiliary infantry regiment. The cohort stationed in Dacia, at castrum Resculum, and in Pannonia .
Batavi (military unit) The Batavi was an auxilia palatina (infantry) unit of the late Roman army, active between the 4th and the 5th century. It was composed by 500 soldiers and was the heir of those ethnic groups that were initially used as auxiliary units of the Roman army and later integrated in the Roman Empire after the Constitutio ...
julian bennett: the regular roman auxiliary regiments formed from the provinces of asia minor, anatolica xxxvii, 2011, pages 251-274, . John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464