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None typically needed [ 1 ] Frequency. ~5% [ 3 ] Gilbert syndrome (GS) is a syndrome in which the liver of affected individuals processes bilirubin more slowly than the majority. [ 1 ] Many people never have symptoms. [ 1 ] Occasionally jaundice (a slight yellowish color of the skin or whites of the eyes) may occur.
Haptoglobin (abbreviated as Hp) is the protein that in humans is encoded by the HP gene. [5][6] In blood plasma, haptoglobin binds with high affinity to free hemoglobin [7] released from erythrocytes, and thereby inhibits its deleterious oxidative activity. Compared to Hp, hemopexin binds to free heme. [8]
1.3 million (2015) [ 5 ] Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis or hepatic cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease, is a condition of the liver in which the normal functioning tissue, or parenchyma, is replaced with scar tissue (fibrosis) and regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease. [ 6 ][ 7 ][ 8 ] Damage to the liver leads ...
Acute liver failure is the appearance of severe complications rapidly after the first signs (such as jaundice) of liver disease, and indicates that the liver has sustained severe damage (loss of function of 80–90% of liver cells). The complications are hepatic encephalopathy and impaired protein synthesis (as measured by the levels of serum ...
Frequency. 1 in 3,000–4,000 people. Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis, is an autoimmune disease of the liver. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] It results from a slow, progressive destruction of the small bile ducts of the liver, causing bile and other toxins to build up in the liver, a condition called cholestasis.
Type of jaundice. Hemolytic jaundice, also known as prehepatic jaundice, is a type of jaundicearising from hemolysisor excessive destruction of red blood cells, when the byproduct bilirubinis not excreted by the hepaticcells quickly enough.[1] Unless the patient is concurrently affected by hepatic dysfunctions or is experiencing hepatocellular ...
hepatic coma. [ 3 ] Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure. [ 2 ] Its onset may be gradual or sudden. [ 2 ] Other symptoms may include movement problems, changes in mood, or changes in personality. [ 2 ] In the advanced stages it can result in a coma.
People with HUS commonly exhibit the symptoms of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), which can include abdominal pain, [14] low platelet count, [15] elevated lactate dehydrogenase LDH, (an enzyme released from damaged cells, and which is therefore a marker of cellular damage) [16] decreased haptoglobin (indicative of the breakdown of red blood ...