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Conservation encompasses all the actions taken toward the long-term preservation of cultural heritage. Activities include examination, documentation, treatment, and preventive care, which is supported by research and education. [1] Object conservation is specifically the actions taken to preserve and restore cultural objects.
This level of preservation has been supplemented over the last century with the professional practice of preservation and conservation in the cultural heritage community. Oral tradition or oral culture, the transmission of information from one generation to the next without a writing system.
Conservation genetics studies genetic phenomena that impact the conservation of a species. Most conservation efforts focus on managing population size, but conserving genetic diversity is typically a high priority as well. High genetic diversity increases survival because it means greater capacity to adapt to future environmental changes. [5]
Historical conservation is the "preservation and repair of archaeological, historical, and cultural sites and artifacts". [20] When dealing with building conservation, there are four primary types of treatment, or ways in which a property can be managed. Each one has their own objectives and limitations. [21]
Conservation-far is the means of protecting nature by separating it and safeguarding it from humans. [29] Means of doing this include the creation of preserves or national parks. They are meant to keep the flora and fauna away from human influence and have become a staple method in the west. Conservation-near however is conservation via connection.
The conservation movement, also known as nature conservation, is a political, environmental, and social movement that seeks to manage and protect natural resources, including animal, fungus, and plant species as well as their habitat for the future.
Correct Conservation: Trained professionals assess the best method of conservation through thorough analysis, in order to preserve the site. Decisions during this phase should be made with the consideration of the cultural and historical value of the site prior to conservation intervention.
Conservation OnLine provides resources on ethical issues in conservation, [18] including examples of codes of ethics and guidelines for professional conduct in conservation and allied fields; and charters and treaties pertaining to ethical issues involving the preservation of cultural property.