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The "dilution factor" is an expression which describes the ratio of the aliquot volume to the final volume. Dilution factor is a notation often used in commercial assays. For example, in solution with a 1/5 dilution factor (which may be abbreviated as x5 dilution ), entails combining 1 unit volume of solute (the material to be diluted) with ...
For example, if you plate 1x 10 7 cells and count 1000 colonies, the transformation efficiency is: (1000/1x 10 7) x 100 = 0.1% Alternatively, CFUs can be reported per microgram of DNA used for the transformation. This can be calculated by multiplying the number of colonies by the volume of the culture plated and dividing by the amount of DNA used.
V = air or gas volume of the closed space or room in cubic feet, cubic metres or litres; Q = ventilation rate into or out of the room in cubic feet per minute, cubic metres per hour or litres per second; C initial = initial concentration of a vapor inside the room measured in ppm; C final = final reduced concentration of the vapor inside the ...
Three plates are needed for each dilution series, for statistical reasons an average of at least 3 counts are needed. The surface of the plates need to be sufficiently dry to allow a 20μl drop to be absorbed in 15–20 minutes. Plates are divided into equal sectors (it is possible to use up to 8 per plate).
Conversely, in an indirect dilution assay the dose levels are administered at fixed dose levels, so that the response is a stochastic variable. In some assays, there may be strong reasons for believing that all the constituents of the test preparation except one, are without any effect on the studied response of the subjects.
Theoretically, one viable cell can give rise to a colony through replication. However, solitary cells are the exception in nature, and in most cases the progenitor of a colony is a mass of cells deposited together. [1] [2] In addition, many bacteria grow in chains (e.g. Streptococcus) or clumps (e.g., Staphylococcus). Estimation of microbial ...
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A serial dilution is the step-wise dilution of a substance in solution, either by using a constant dilution factor, or by using a variable factor between dilutions. If the dilution factor at each step is constant, this results in a geometric progression of the concentration in a logarithmic fashion.