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Iodine-131 (131 I, I-131) is an important radioisotope of iodine discovered by Glenn Seaborg and John Livingood in 1938 at the University of California, Berkeley. [3] It has a radioactive decay half-life of about eight days. It is associated with nuclear energy, medical diagnostic and treatment procedures, and natural gas production.
The intake of radioactive iodine was calculated based on the radioactive caesium intake and other factors: the airborne iodine-to-caesium ratio on the days that the people worked at the reactor compound and other data. For one worker a reading was found of more than 1,000 millisieverts. [125]
On March 24, 2011, Japanese officials announced that "radioactive iodine-131 exceeding safety limits for infants had been detected at 18 water-purification plants in Tokyo and five other prefectures". Officials said also that the fallout from the Dai-ichi plant is "hindering search efforts for victims from the March 11 earthquake and tsunami". [70]
The experiments included a wide array of studies, such as feeding radioactive food to mentally disabled children or conscientious objectors, inserting radium rods into the noses of schoolchildren, deliberately releasing radioactive chemicals over U.S. and Canadian cities, measuring the health effects of radioactive fallout from nuclear bomb ...
October 21, 1994 – Estonia – Theft of radioactive material in Tammiku. A caesium-137 source was stolen from a waste storage facility by two brothers. One received a 4,000 rad whole-body dose and died 12 days later. His family's dog also died, and his stepson developed radiation burns on his hands after touching the source.
Radioactive iodine-131 is a common fission product; it was a major component of the radioactivity released from the Chernobyl disaster, leading to nine fatal cases of pediatric thyroid cancer and hypothyroidism. On the other hand, radioactive iodine is used in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases of the thyroid precisely because of the ...
An accident at the Sosnovy Bor nuclear plant leaked radioactive iodine into the air through a ruptured fuel channel. February 20, 1996: Waterford, Connecticut, United States: Leaking valve forced shutdown of Millstone Nuclear Power Plant Units 1 and 2, multiple equipment failures found. 0: 254: September 2, 1996: Crystal River, Florida, United ...
Iodine-131 (usually as iodide) is a component of nuclear fallout, and is particularly dangerous owing to the thyroid gland's propensity to concentrate ingested iodine and retain it for periods longer than this isotope's radiological half-life of eight days. For this reason, people at risk of exposure to environmental radioactive iodine (iodine ...