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The water-cooled mold is arranged with a source of radiation, such as cobalt-60 or caesium-137, on one side and a sensitive detector such as a scintillation counter on the other. As the level of molten steel rises in the mold, less of the gamma radiation is detected by the sensor.
Because IoT projects have longer project timelines, a lack of skilled resources and several security/legal issues, there is a need for new and specifically designed project processes. The following management techniques should improve the success rate of IoT projects: [316] A separate research and development phase A Proof-of-Concept/Prototype ...
Water quality monitoring involves analyzing water properties in dams, rivers, lakes and oceans, as well as underground water reserves. The use of many wireless distributed sensors enables the creation of a more accurate map of the water status, and allows the permanent deployment of monitoring stations in locations of difficult access, without ...
The history of the IIoT begins with the invention of the programmable logic controller (PLC) by Richard E. Morley in 1968, which was used by General Motors in their automatic transmission manufacturing division. [17] These PLCs allowed for fine control of individual elements in the manufacturing chain.
For example, Air Quality Egg is used by people at home to monitor the air quality and pollution level in the city and create a map of the pollution. [19] Smart kitchen, with refrigerator inventory, premade cooking programs, cooking surveillance, etc. Voice control devices like Amazon Alexa or Google Nest used to control home appliances or systems.
Building automation (BAS), also known as building management system (BMS) or building energy management system (BEMS), is the automatic centralized control of a building's HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), electrical, lighting, shading, access control, security systems, and other interrelated systems.
The term smart meter often refers to an electricity meter, but it also may mean a device measuring natural gas, water or district heating consumption. [1] [2] More generally, a smart meter is an electronic device that records information such as consumption of electric energy, voltage levels, current, and power factor.
A float switch is a type of level sensor, a device used to detect the level of liquid within a tank. The switch may be used to control a pump, as an indicator, an alarm, or to control other devices. One type of float switch uses a mercury switch inside a hinged float. Another common type is a float that raises a rod to actuate a microswitch.