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In ancient times, some local forms of the Greek alphabet used the chi instead of xi to represent the /ks/ sound. This was borrowed into the early Latin language, which led to the use of the letter X for the same sound in Latin, and many modern languages that use the Latin alphabet .
Greek letters are used in mathematics, science, engineering, and other areas where mathematical notation is used as symbols for constants, special functions, and also conventionally for variables representing certain quantities. In these contexts, the capital letters and the small letters represent distinct and unrelated entities.
This is a list of letters of the Greek alphabet. The definition of a Greek letter for this list is a character encoded in the Unicode standard that a has script property of "Greek" and the general category of "Letter". An overview of the distribution of Greek letters is given in Greek script in Unicode.
The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to have developed distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. [5]
The Greek alphabet on a black-figure pottery vessel, with an archaic chickenfoot-shaped psi. Psi / ˈ (p) s aɪ, ˈ (p) s iː / (P)SY, (P)SEE [1] (uppercase Ψ, lowercase ψ or 𝛙; Greek: ψι psi) is the twenty-third and penultimate letter of the Greek alphabet and is associated with a numeric value of 700.
The Arabic letter shīn was an acronym for "something" (شيء shayʾ(un)) meaning the unknown in algebraic equations. In the transcription into Spanish, the Greek letter chi was used which was later transcribed into Latin x. The letter shīn, along with Ṯāʾ, are the
Many of the letters familiar from the classical Greek alphabet displayed additional variation in shapes, with some of the variant forms being characteristic of specific local alphabets. The form of Ζ generally had a straight stem in all local alphabets in the archaic period. Θ was mostly crossed (or ).
Sha already possessed its current form in Saints Cyril and Methodius's Glagolitic alphabet. Most Cyrillic letter-forms were derived from the Greek, but as there was no Greek sign for the Sha sound (modern Greek uses simply "Σ/σ/ς" to spell the sh-sound in foreign words and names), Glagolitic Sha (Ⱎ) was adopted unchanged.