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Hundred Family Surnames poem written in Chinese characters and Phagspa script, from Shilin Guangji written by Chen Yuanjing in the Yuan dynasty. The Hundred Family Surnames (Chinese: 百家姓), commonly known as Bai Jia Xing, [1] also translated as Hundreds of Chinese Surnames, [2] is a classic Chinese text composed of common Chinese surnames.
The conception of China as consisting of the "old hundred families" (Chinese: 老百姓; pinyin: Lǎo Bǎi Xìng; lit. 'Old Hundred Surnames') is an ancient and traditional one, the most notable tally being the Song-era Hundred Family Surnames (Chinese: 百家姓; pinyin: Bǎi Jiā Xìng).
It includes the total number of people with each surname as well as the rate per 100,000 people. Figures for the 2000 Census are also included for comparison. [10] In 2010, there were 51,089,493 people with last names in the top 100, representing 16.5% of the total (308,745,538).
Lists of the most common surnames by continent: Lists of most common surnames in African countries; Lists of most common surnames in Asian countries; Lists of most common surnames in European countries; Lists of most common surnames in North American countries; Lists of most common surnames in Oceanian countries
Cen is listed 67th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. [1] As of 2008, it is the 235th most common surname in China, shared by 340,000 people. [2] Cen is considered a rare surname. A person with a rare surname like Cen may be able to trace his or her origins to a single ancestral area. [3] Eliza Sam (岑麗香)
Hao is the Mandarin pinyin and Wade–Giles romanization of the Chinese surname written 郝 in Chinese characters. It is listed 77th in the Song dynasty classic text Hundred Family Surnames. [1] As of 2008, it is the 82nd most common surname in China, shared by 2.7 million people. [2] Origins: [3]
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the Three Character Classic formed the basis of elementary education, along with Hundred Family Surnames and Thousand Character Classic. [5] The group came to be known as San Bai Qian (Three, Hundred, Thousand), from the first character in their titles. They were the almost universal introductory literacy ...
The law does not allow one to create any surname that is duplicated with any existing surnames. [20] Under Thai law, only one family can create any given surname: any two people of the same surname must be related, and it is very rare for two people to share the same full name. In one sample of 45,665 names, 81% of family names were unique. [21]
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