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The Border campaign (12 December 1956 – 26 February 1962) was a guerrilla warfare campaign (codenamed Operation Harvest) carried out by the Irish Republican Army (IRA) against targets in Northern Ireland, with the aim of overthrowing British rule there and creating a united Ireland. [1]
On New Year's Day 1957, 14 IRA volunteers crossed the border into County Fermanagh [15] to launch an attack on a joint RUC/B Specials barracks at Moane's Cross in Altawark townland near Cooneen, six miles from Brookeborough. During the attack a number of volunteers were injured, two fatally.
The IRA launched a new campaign in 1956. The IRA border campaign attacked ten targets in Northern Ireland, damaging bridges, courthouses and border roads. [6] By 1957, three RUC officers and seven republicans had been killed during the campaign. Cahill was arrested and interned in January 1957 with several other republicans.
By the early 1990s, although the death toll had dropped significantly from the worst years of the 1970s, the IRA campaign continued to severely disrupt normal life in Northern Ireland. In 1987, the IRA carried out almost 300 shooting and bombing attacks, killing 31 RUC, UDR and British Army personnel and 20 civilians, while injuring 100 ...
12 July 1971: a British soldier (David Walker, aged 30) was shot dead by an IRA sniper at a British observation post on Northumberland Street, Lower Falls, Belfast. The IRA claimed his death was in retaliation for the killings of two civilians in Derry by the British Army the previous week. [36]
During the IRA border campaign ("Operation Harvest") of the late 1950s, Shevlin was for a time the IRA Adjutant-General and a member of its Army Council. With the outbreak of The Troubles in the late 1960's Shevlin smuggled weapons to the IRA in the north.
The IRA Border Campaign commenced on 12 December 1956. As an IRA General Headquarters Staff (GHQ) officer, Ó Brádaigh was responsible for training the Teeling Column (one of the four armed units prepared for the Campaign) in the west of Ireland. During the Campaign, he served as second-in-command of the Teeling Column. [5]
It performed this role most notably in the early 1920s during the Irish War of Independence and the 1956–1962 IRA Border Campaign. During its existence, 95 USC members were killed in the line of duty. Most of these (72) were killed in conflict with the IRA in 1921 and 1922. Another 8 died during the Second World War, in air raids or IRA attacks.