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In organic chemistry, a hydrate is a compound formed by the hydration, i.e. "Addition of water or of the elements of water (i.e. H and OH) to a molecular entity". [5] For example: ethanol , CH 3 −CH 2 −OH , is the product of the hydration reaction of ethene , CH 2 =CH 2 , formed by the addition of H to one C and OH to the other C, and so ...
The general chemical equation for the hydration of alkenes is the following: RRC=CH 2 + H 2 O → RRC(OH)-CH 3. A hydroxyl group (OH −) attaches to one carbon of the double bond, and a proton (H +) adds to the other. The reaction is highly exothermic. In the first step, the alkene acts as a nucleophile and attacks the proton, following ...
In inorganic chemistry, mineral hydration is a reaction which adds water to the crystal structure of a mineral, usually creating a new mineral, commonly called a hydrate. In geological terms, the process of mineral hydration is known as retrograde alteration and is a process occurring in retrograde metamorphism.
To convert the oxide notation in LDH formula, the mass balance in the system has to respect the principle of the conservation of matter. Oxide ions ( O 2− ) and water are transformed into 2 hydroxide anions ( OH − ) according to the acid-base reaction between H 2 O and O 2− (a strong base ) as typically exemplified by the quicklime ( CaO ...
NMR is the most informative technique for determining hydration numbers in solution. 1 H and 17 O NMR signals, even for paramagnetic species, can be interpreted to give information on hydration number.
In coordination chemistry, hydration isomerism is a kind of isomerism that is observed in some solids. Hydration isomers have identical formula but differ with respect to the numbers of water ligands .
Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the ...
Samarium(III) acetate is an acetate salt of samarium, with the chemical formula of Sm(CH 3 COO) 3. It exists in the hydrate and tetrahydrate form. It exists in the hydrate and tetrahydrate form. Its tetrahydrate can be obtained by dissolving samarium(III) oxide in 50% acetic acid solution, crystallizing and vacuum drying.
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