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Some linguists have argued that other superficially distinct grammatical structures such as wish reports have the same underlying structure as conditionals. Conditionals are one of the most widely studied phenomena in formal semantics , and have also been discussed widely in philosophy of language , computer science , decision theory , among ...
The optative mood (/ ˈ ɒ p t ə t ɪ v / OP-tə-tiv or / ɒ p ˈ t eɪ t ɪ v / op-TAY-tiv; [1] abbreviated OPT) is a grammatical mood that indicates a wish or hope regarding a given action.It is a superset of the cohortative mood and is closely related to the subjunctive mood but is distinct from the desiderative mood.
The same forms are generally used independently of the tense or form of the verb wish: I wished you were there. (past tense for desired state at the time of wishing) The same rules apply after the expression if only: If only he knew French! If only I had looked in the bedroom! If only they would stop talking!
A conditional sentence is a sentence in a natural language that expresses that one thing is contingent on another, e.g., "If it rains, the picnic will be cancelled." They are so called because the impact of the sentence’s main clause is conditional on a subordinate clause.
The optative mood alone can be used to express wishes for the future: [67] ὃ μὴ γένοιτο. (Demosthenes) [68] hò mḕ génoito. "which may it not happen!" The optative of wish is sometimes preceded by εἴθε (eíthe) or εἰ γάρ (ei gár) "if only". In this case it has the same construction as a less vivid future condition: [69]
In linguistics, grammatical mood is a grammatical feature of verbs, used for signaling modality. [1] [2]: 181 [3] That is, it is the use of verbal inflections that allow speakers to express their attitude toward what they are saying (for example, a statement of fact, of desire, of command, etc.).
The English subjunctive is realized as a finite but tenseless clause.Subjunctive clauses use a bare or plain verb form, which lacks any inflection.For instance, a subjunctive clause would use the verb form "be" rather than "am/is/are" and "arrive" rather than "arrives", regardless of the person and number of the subject.
Also, using the conditional mood -isi-in conjunction with the clitic -pa yields an optative meaning: olisinpa "if only I were". Here, it is evident that the wish has not been fulfilled and probably will not be. In Sanskrit, the optative is formed by adding the secondary endings to the verb stem.
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