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The acid is prepared by the reaction of chlorosulfuric acid with hydrogen peroxide: [3] 2 ClSO 3 H + H 2 O 2 → H 2 S 2 O 8 + 2 HCl. Another method is the electrolysis of moderately concentrated sulfuric acid (60-70%) with platinum electrodes at high current density and voltage: H 2 SO 4 + H 2 O → H 3 O + + HSO 4 − (dissociation of ...
The lead chamber process for sulfuric acid production was abandoned, partly because it could not produce sulfur trioxide or concentrated sulfuric acid directly due to corrosion of the lead, and absorption of NO 2 gas. Until this process was made obsolete by the contact process, oleum had to be obtained through indirect methods.
Disulfuric acid (alternative spelling disulphuric acid) or pyrosulfuric acid (alternative spelling pyrosulphuric acid), also named oleum, is a sulfur oxoacid. [3] It is a major constituent of fuming sulfuric acid, oleum , and this is how most chemists encounter it.
Despite the bactericidal effects of ethanol, acidifying effects of fermentation, and low oxygen conditions of industrial alcohol production, bacteria that undergo lactic acid fermentation can contaminate such facilities because lactic acid has a low pKa of 3.86 to avoid decoupling the pH membrane gradient that supports regulated transport.
A peroxy acid (often spelled as one word, peroxyacid, and sometimes called peracid) is an acid which contains an acidic −OOH group. The two main classes are those derived from conventional mineral acids , especially sulfuric acid , and the peroxy derivatives of organic carboxylic acids .
Disulfurous acid, metabisulfurous acid or pyrosulfurous acid is an oxoacid of sulfur with the formula H 2 S 2 O 5. Its structure is HO−S(=O) 2 −S(=O)−OH. The salts of disulfurous acid are called disulfites or metabisulfites. Disulfurous acid is, like sulfurous acid (H 2 SO 3), a phantom acid, which does not exist in the free state. [2]
The Shell higher olefin process (SHOP) is a chemical process for the production of linear alpha olefins via ethylene oligomerization and olefin metathesis invented and exploited by Shell plc. [1] The olefin products are converted to fatty aldehydes and then to fatty alcohols , which are precursors to plasticizers and detergents .
These intermediates then react in an aldol condensation to the allyl aldehyde which the hydrogenation catalyst then reduces to the alcohol. [5] Guerbet Reaction Mechanism. The Cannizzaro reaction is a competing reaction when two aldehyde molecules react by disproportionation to form the corresponding alcohol and carboxylic acid.