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Mapped global geologic provinces. A geologic map or geological map is a special-purpose map made to show various geological features. Rock units or geologic strata are shown by color or symbols.
Oblique aerial photograph covering the Cappadocia, nearby Gorëme, Turkey.. Aerial photograph interpretation is a method of extrapolating geological details of the ground surface from aerial images. [1]
Regional geology is the geological study of large-scale regions. Usually, it encompasses multiple geological disciplines to piece together the history of an area. It is the geologic equivalent of regional geography.
The full official Indonesian name is the Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (English: Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation Center), often abbreviated to PVMBG. [1] It is based in Bandung in West Java. [2] It was preceded by the Netherlands East Indies Volcanological Survey. [3]
Solidified lava flow in Hawaii Sedimentary layers in Badlands National Park, South Dakota Metamorphic rock, Nunavut, Canada. Geology (from Ancient Greek γῆ (gê) 'earth' and λoγία () 'study of, discourse') [1] [2] is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. [3]
Incorporating the spatial positions of the major formation boundaries, including the effects of faulting, folding, and erosion (unconformities).The major stratigraphic divisions are further subdivided into layers of cells with differing geometries with relation to the bounding surfaces (parallel to top, parallel to base, proportional).
Specifically in sedimentology, a bed can be defined in one of two major ways. [2] First, Campbell [3] and Reineck and Singh [4] use the term bed to refer to a thickness-independent layer comprising a coherent layer of sedimentary rock, sediment, or pyroclastic material bounded above and below by surfaces known as bedding planes.
Basement rock is the thick foundation of ancient, and oldest, metamorphic and igneous rock that forms the crust of continents, often in the form of granite. [2] Basement rock is contrasted to overlying sedimentary rocks which are laid down on top of the basement rocks after the continent was formed, such as sandstone and limestone.