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Crassulacean acid metabolism, also known as CAM photosynthesis, is a carbon fixation pathway that evolved in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions [1] that allows a plant to photosynthesize during the day, but only exchange gases at night.
This pathway differs from C4 photosynthesis because CAM plants separate carbon by storing fixed CO 2 in vesicles at night, then transporting it for use during the day. Thus, CAM plants temporally concentrate CO 2 to improve RuBisCO efficiency, whereas C4 plants spatially concentrate CO 2 in bundle sheath cells.
Of the monocot clades containing C 4 plants, the grass species use the C 4 photosynthetic pathway most. 46% of grasses are C 4 and together account for 61% of C 4 species. C 4 has arisen independently in the grass family some twenty or more times, in various subfamilies, tribes, and genera, [ 29 ] including the Andropogoneae tribe which ...
Calvin–Benson cycle. C 3 carbon fixation is the most common of three metabolic pathways for carbon fixation in photosynthesis, the other two being C 4 and CAM.This process converts carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP, a 5-carbon sugar) into two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate through the following reaction:
In Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), time isolates functioning RuBisCO (and the other Calvin cycle enzymes) from high oxygen concentrations produced by photosynthesis, in that O 2 is evolved during the day, and allowed to dissipate then, while at night atmospheric CO 2 is taken up and stored as malic or other acids. During the day, CAM plants ...
The Crassulaceae (/ ˈ k r æ s j uː l eɪ s iː ˌ iː,-s i ˌ aɪ /, from Latin crassus, thick), also known as the crassulas, the stonecrops or the orpine family, are a diverse family of dicotyledon angiosperms primarily characterized by succulent leaves and a form of photosynthesis known as crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), in which plants photosynthesize in the daytime and exchange ...
As photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide as a substrate to produce sugar for growth, it is vital that the plant has a very efficient photosynthesis system which maximises the utilisation of the little carbon dioxide the plant gets. Many succulent xerophytes employ the Crassulacean acid metabolism or better known as CAM photosynthesis. It is ...
Maize (Zea mays, Poaceae) is the most widely cultivated C 4 plant.[1]In botany, C 4 carbon fixation is one of three known methods of photosynthesis used by plants. C 4 plants increase their photosynthetic efficiency by reducing or suppressing photorespiration, which mainly occurs under low atmospheric CO 2 concentration, high light, high temperature, drought, and salinity.