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Neither Croatia nor Yugoslavia ever formally declared war on each other. [304] Unlike the Serbian position that the conflict need not be declared as it was a civil war, [298] the Croatian motivation for not declaring war was that Tuđman believed that Croatia could not confront the JNA directly and did everything to avoid an all-out war. [305]
Croat–Bosniak War; Part of the Bosnian War and Yugoslav Wars: Clockwise from top right: remains of Stari Most in Mostar, replaced with a cable bridge; French IFOR Artillery Detachment, on patrol near Mostar; a Croat war memorial in Vitez; a Bosniak war memorial in Stari Vitez; view of Novi Travnik during the war
The Croatian government began arming Croats in the Herzegovina region in 1991 and in the start of 1992, expecting that the Serbs would spread the war into Bosnia and Herzegovina. [3] It also helped arm the Bosniak community. From July 1991 to January 1992, the JNA and Serb paramilitaries used Bosnian territory to wage attacks on Croatia. [4]
Seal of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia. The following is an incomplete list of wars fought by Croatia, by Croatian people or regular armies during periods when independent Croatian states existed, from the Early Middle Ages to the present day.
HV forces killed 22 Serb civilians during Operation Flash. [7] Zagreb rocket attacks: 2-3 May 1995 Zagreb: 7 killed, 214 wounded Republic of Serbian Krajina forces used multiple rocket launchers, fitted with cluster munitions, to strike civilian-populated areas of Zagreb on the 2 and 3 May 1995, in retaliation for the HV offensive Operation Flash.
The JNA's strategic offensive plan in Croatia, 1991. The plan was abandoned after the Battle of Vukovar exhausted the JNA's ability to prosecute the war further into Croatia. At the start of the war in Slovenia, the army still saw itself as the defender of a federal, communist Yugoslavia, rather than an instrument of Serbian nationalism.
The Independent State of Croatia (Serbo-Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) was a World War II–era puppet state of Nazi Germany [8] [9] and Fascist Italy.It was established in parts of occupied Yugoslavia on 10 April 1941, after the invasion by the Axis powers.
On 3 October, all shipping off Croatia, except for ferry lines to Pag and islands in the Kvarner Gulf, was halted. The blockade, except for that of Dubrovnik, was lifted on 11 October. The final blockade, restricting access to Rijeka, Zadar, Šibenik and Split in addition to Dubrovnik, started on 8 November. [66]