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Twenty-one Kenpeitai were accused of torturing 57 internees, resulting in the deaths of 15. [4] On 15 April 1946, after a hearing lasting 21 days, Sumida was one of eight sentenced to death by hanging. Three others received life imprisonment, one a sentence of fifteen years, and two were given prison terms of eight years. Seven were acquitted.
The combined death toll of civilians for the Battle of Manila was about 100,000, most of which was attributed to massacres by Japanese forces. [10] [11] [2] Some historians, citing a higher civilian casualty rate for the entire battle, suggest that 100,000 to 500,000 died as a result of the Manila massacre on its own, exclusive of other causes.
The Kempeitai was formed as a semi-autonomous unit on 4 January 1881 by order of the Meiji Council of State. [2] Its brief covered military discipline, law and order, intelligence and subversion as well as policing thoughts in the civilian population. [3] Their political influence increased when Hideki Tojo became the Vice-Minister of War in ...
The civilian police force was subservient to them. The Commander of the 2nd Field Kempeitai unit was Lieutenant Colonel Oishi Masayuki. [24] No 3 Kempeitai was commanded by Major-General Masanori Kojima. [25] By the end of the war there were 758 Kempeitai stationed in Malaya, with more in the Thai occupied Malay states. [26]
In July 1945, 15 U.S. airmen were captured and interrogated by the Kempeitai near Hiroshima; 12 died in the U.S. atomic bombing of the city on August 6, of which two were possibly clubbed to death at Hiroshima Castle by the Kempeitai, and two were possibly stoned to death by civilians. [16] The Kempeitai organized regular and violent reprisals ...
Nine of the defendants were sentenced to death, four were sentenced to death in absentia, 27 received various sentences from 7 years in prison to life imprisonment and nine were acquitted. The Phnom Penh Kempeitai (27 defendants) and Hanoi Kempeitai (37 defendants) were tried on 19 November 1946 and 5 April 1948 respectively. [20] [13]
Ofri Bibas Levi, the sister-in-law of Shiri Bibas, an Israeli hostage kidnaped during the Oct. 7 attack in southern Israel, holds a family picture of Bibas and one of her two boys, at Moshav Giv ...
Kesago Nakajima: Since 1921–41 lead the Kempeitai operation inside Japan and Asia during wartimes Kenzo Kitano : Military Police (Gendarmerie) Commander, China Forces Hideki Tōjō : Commanding General, Military Police, Kwantung Army