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[4] [5] Such constituents that are found at various concentrations in coal ash are arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, lead, lithium, mercury, molybdenum, selenium, thallium and uranium. [4] [5] Coal ash in India has been stored in ash ponds and has contaminated surrounding land and water bodies. [6]
Although residents feared water contamination, early tests of water six miles (10 km) upstream of the ash flow showed that the public water supply met drinking water standards. [17] A test of river water near the spill showed elevated levels of lead and thallium , and "barely detectable" levels of mercury and arsenic . [ 21 ]
Unsafe levels of arsenic, cobalt, lithium, and other contaminants were found in the groundwater near all the ash dump sites. At 12 of the 16 sites, the EIP analysis found levels of arsenic in the groundwater 10 times higher than the EPA Maximum Contaminant Level; arsenic has been found to cause several types of cancer. At 10 of the sites ...
The water, which was being siphoned off the top of an old coal ash pond for re-use at the Boswell Energy Center in Cohasset, Minn., escaped from a break in an underground bend in the pipe ...
Also, water-soluble sodium salts present in the ash enhance the sodium content in water further. Thus river water is converted into soft water by eliminating Ca and Mg ions and enhancing Na ions by coal-fired boilers. Soft water application in irrigation (surface or ground water) converts the fertile soils into alkaline sodic soils. [21]
It was the largest fly ash release and worst coal ash-related disaster in U.S. history. [4] Almost 30 workers died from this event and more than 100 were sick around 10 years after this incident. Many other incidents of coal ash have occurred and caused major effects towards rivers, lakes and the ecosystem around them. [91]
When it came to heavy metal levels, only one product was flagged: Starkey Spring Water. It had arsenic levels more than three times that of CR's recommended level of 3 parts per billion, but fell ...
Coal contains trace levels of arsenic, barium, beryllium, boron, cadmium, chromium, thallium, selenium, molybdenum, and mercury, many of which are highly toxic to humans and other life. Coal ash, a product of combustion, concentrates these elements and can contaminate groundwater or surface waters if there are leaks from an ash pond. [4]