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A subdiscipline of anatomy, anthropology, and paleontology, osteology is the detailed study of the structure of bones, skeletal elements, teeth, microbone morphology, function, disease, pathology, the process of ossification from cartilaginous molds, and the resistance and hardness of bones . [1]
Diameter of canaliculi in human bone is approximately 200 to 900 nm. [1] In bovine tibia diameter of canaliculi was found to vary from 155 to 844 nm (average 426 nm). [ 2 ] In mice humeri it varies from 80 to 710 nm (average 259 nm), while diameter of osteocytic processes varies from 50 to 410 nm (average 104 nm).
It is composed of around 270 bones at birth – this total decreases to around 206 bones by adulthood after some bones get fused together. [1] The bone mass in the skeleton makes up about 14% of the total body weight (ca. 10–11 kg for an average person) and reaches maximum mass between the ages of 25 and 30. [2]
Using the subadult specimen nicknamed "Big Al", since assigned to the species Allosaurus jimmadseni, [37] researchers using computer modeling arrived at a best estimate of 1.5 t (1.7 short tons) for the individual, but by varying parameters they found a range from approximately 1.4 t (1.5 short tons) to approximately 2 t (2.2 short tons). [107]
Osteology is the scientific study of bones, and is a subdiscipline of anthropology and archeology. See also: Category:Orthopedic surgical procedures . Subcategories
The term “flat bone” is something of a misnomer because, although a flat bone is typically thin, it is also often curved. Examples include the cranial (skull) bones, the scapulae (shoulder blades), the sternum (breastbone), and the ribs.
Macerated skeletons of a Great Dane and a Chihuahua, on display at The Museum of Osteology, in Oklahoma City.. Maceration is a bone preparation technique whereby a clean skeleton is obtained from a vertebrate carcass by leaving it to decompose inside a closed container at near-constant temperature. [1]
Bioarchaeology (osteoarchaeology, osteology or palaeo-osteology [1]) in Europe describes the study of biological remains from archaeological sites.In the United States it is the scientific study of human remains from archaeological sites.