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In the 19th century, starting with the Occupation of Algeria in 1830, France began to establish a new empire in Africa and Southeast Asia. The following is a list of all countries that were part of the French colonial empires from 1534; 491 years ago () to the present, either entirely or in part, either under French sovereignty or as mandate.
Of the total population, 16.1 million lived in North Africa, 25.5 million in sub-Saharan Africa, 3.2 million in the Middle East, 0.3 million in the Indian subcontinent, 23.2 million in East and South-East Asia, 0.15 million in the South Pacific, and 0.6 million in the Caribbean. [131]
International trade, in particular long-distance trade, grew in the 18th century and by the 1780s, France was the largest trading maritime power in Europe. The total value of French long-distance trade with Africa , Asia , America and re-exports to the rest of Europe was £25 million, whereas Britain's trade amounted to only £20 million.
France had about 80 colonies throughout its history, the second most colonies in the world behind only the British Empire. [7] Around 40 countries gained independence from France throughout its history, the second most in the world behind only the British Empire. [8]
Six decades after the foundation of the English and Dutch East India companies (in 1600 and 1602 respectively), and at a time when both companies were multiplying factories (trading posts) on the shores of India, the French still did not have a viable trading company or a single permanent establishment in the East. Seeking to explain France's ...
French–Vietnamese relations started during the early 17th century with the arrival of the Jesuit missionary Alexandre de Rhodes.Around this time, Vietnam had only just begun its "Southward"—"Nam Tiến", the occupation of the Mekong Delta, a territory being part of the Khmer Empire and to a lesser extent, the kingdom of Champa which they had defeated in 1471.
French East Africa and Indian Ocean French Madagascar (1896–1960) Kingdom of Imerina (protectorate; 1896) Isle de France (1715–1810; now Mauritius) Djibouti (French Somaliland) (the French Territory of the Afars and the Issas; French Somalia; 1862–1977) French Egypt (1798–1801, 1858–1882, 1956) Mayotte (1841–present) Seychelles ...
Map of France's North African possessions Territories controlled by France in the North African Maghreb during the colonial era French North Africa ( French : Afrique du Nord française , sometimes abbreviated to ANF ) is a term often applied to the three territories that were controlled by France in the North African Maghreb during the ...