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Copper(I) iodide reacts with mercury vapors to form brown copper(I) tetraiodomercurate(II): 4 CuI + Hg → (Cu +) 2 [HgI 4] 2− + 2 Cu. This reaction can be used for the detection of mercury since the white CuI to brown Cu 2 [HgI 4] color change is dramatic. Copper(I) iodide is used in the synthesis of Cu(I) clusters such as [Cu 6 I 7] −. [10]
Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu (from Latin: cuprum) and the atomic number of 29. It is easily recognisable, due to its distinct red-orange color.Copper also has a range of different organic and inorganic salts, having varying oxidation states ranging from (0,I) to (III).
Lithium dimethylcopper (CH 3) 2 CuLi can be prepared by adding copper(I) iodide to methyllithium in tetrahydrofuran at −78 °C. In the reaction depicted below, [4] the Gilman reagent is a methylating reagent reacting with an alkyne in a conjugate addition, and the ester group forms a cyclic enone. Scheme 1. Example Gilman reagent reaction
Copper hydride; Copper indium gallium selenide; Copper oxide selenite; Copper(I) acetylide; Copper(I) bromide; Copper(I) chloride; Copper(I) cyanide; Copper(I) fluoride; Copper(I) hydroxide; Copper(I) iodide; Copper(I) nitrate; Copper(I) oxide; Copper(I) phosphide; Copper(I) sulfate; Copper(I) sulfide; Copper(I) telluride; Copper(I) tert ...
The addition of Grignard reagents to alkynes is facilitated by a catalytic amount of copper halide. Transmetalation to copper and carbocupration are followed by transmetalation of the product alkene back to magnesium. The addition is syn unless a coordinating group is nearby in the substrate, in which case the addition becomes anti and yields ...
Modern developments also include the use of heterogeneous copper catalysts and nanoparticles. These are highly desirable as the catalyst can be easily separated from the products, reducing waste and cost. [15] In the case of copper nanoparticles, the catalytic activity depended on its size and the formation of aggregates.
Marshite occurs naturally in geologic supergene deposits at Chuquicamata, Chile which are heavily mined for copper. [11] Additional research on the rocks and minerals from this area show that iodine isotopes found in minerals, such as marshite, and soils can be used to understand the processes that formed the supergene deposit.
In the case of Ullmann-type reactions (aminations, etherifications, etc. of aryl halides), the conversions involve copper(I) alkoxide, copper(I) amides, copper(I) thiolates. The copper(I) reagent can be generated in situ from the aryl halide and copper metal. Even copper(II) sources are effective under some circumstances.