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Nabataean Arabic (or Nabataeo-Arabic) was a predecessor of the Arabic alphabet. It evolved from Nabataean Aramaic , first entering use in the late third century AD. It continued to be used into the mid-fifth century, after which the script evolves into a new phase known as Paleo-Arabic .
The Nabataean script is an abjad (consonantal alphabet) that was used to write Nabataean Aramaic and Nabataean Arabic from the second century BC onwards. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Important inscriptions are found in Petra (now in Jordan ), the Sinai Peninsula (now part of Egypt ), and other archaeological sites including Abdah (in Israel ) and Mada'in Saleh ...
Historians such as Irfan Shahîd, [38] Warwick Ball, [39] Robert G. Hoyland, [40] Michael C. A. Macdonald, [41] and others [42] believe Nabataeans spoke Arabic as their native language. John F. Healy states that "Nabataeans normally spoke a form of Arabic, while, like the Persians etc., they used Aramaic for formal purposes and especially for ...
The Nabataean alphabet was designed to write 22 phonemes, but Arabic has 28 consonant phonemes; thus, when used to write the Arabic language, 6 of its letters must each represent two phonemes: d also represented ð, ħ also represented kh %, ṭ also represented ẓ, ʕ also represented gh %, ṣ also represented ḍ %, t also represented θ.
Nabataean language may refer to: Nabataean Aramaic, a Western Aramaic variety that was the written language of the Nabataean kingdom; Nabataean Arabic, the dialect of Arabic spoken by the Nabataeans; Eastern Aramaic varieties that were referred to by the Muslim Arabs as "Nabataean"
Nabataean Aramaic is the extinct Aramaic variety used in inscriptions by the Nabataeans of the East Bank of the Jordan River, the Negev, and the Sinai Peninsula.Compared with other varieties of Aramaic, it is notable for the occurrence of a number of loanwords and grammatical borrowings from Arabic or other North Arabian languages.
Old Arabic and its descendants are classified as Central Semitic languages, which is an intermediate language group containing the Northwest Semitic languages (e.g., Aramaic and Hebrew), the languages of the Dadanitic, Taymanitic inscriptions, the poorly understood languages labeled Thamudic, and the ancient languages of Yemen written in the Ancient South Arabian script.
Old Arabic (Nabataean dialect) The Namara inscription ( Arabic : نقش النمارة naqš an-Namārah ) is a 4th century inscription in the Arabic language , making it one of the earliest. It has also been interpreted as a late version of the Nabataean script in its transition to Arabic script.