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In computer science, Merge Sort (also commonly spelled as mergesort and as merge-sort [2]) is an efficient, general-purpose, and comparison-based sorting algorithm. Most implementations produce a stable sort , which means that the relative order of equal elements is the same in the input and output.
Merge sort. In computer science, a sorting algorithm is an algorithm that puts elements of a list into an order.The most frequently used orders are numerical order and lexicographical order, and either ascending or descending.
Repeatedly merge sublists to create a new sorted sublist until the single list contains all elements. The single list is the sorted list. The merge algorithm is used repeatedly in the merge sort algorithm. An example merge sort is given in the illustration. It starts with an unsorted array of 7 integers. The array is divided into 7 partitions ...
Timsort is a stable sorting algorithm (order of elements with same key is kept) and strives to perform balanced merges (a merge thus merges runs of similar sizes). In order to achieve sorting stability, only consecutive runs are merged. Between two non-consecutive runs, there can be an element with the same key inside the runs.
If different items have different sort key values then this defines a unique order of the items. Workers sorting parcels in a postal facility. A standard order is often called ascending (corresponding to the fact that the standard order of numbers is ascending, i.e. A to Z, 0 to 9), the reverse order descending (Z to A, 9 to 0).
Block sort, or block merge sort, is a sorting algorithm combining at least two merge operations with an insertion sort to arrive at O(n log n) (see Big O notation) in-place stable sorting time. It gets its name from the observation that merging two sorted lists, A and B , is equivalent to breaking A into evenly sized blocks , inserting each A ...
The top down merge sort example (for arrays) avoids copy back by changing the direction of merge for each level of recursion (it does do an initial copy, but mutually recursive functions can be used to avoid the initial copy). The bottom up merge sort example mentions this in a comment that swapping pointers would avoid the shown copy back loop.
k-way merge algorithms usually take place in the second stage of external sorting algorithms, much like they do for merge sort. A multiway merge allows for the files outside of memory to be merged in fewer passes than in a binary merge. If there are 6 runs that need be merged then a binary merge would need to take 3 merge passes, as opposed to ...