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  2. Chou–Fasman method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chou–Fasman_method

    The Chou–Fasman method is an empirical technique for the prediction of secondary structures in proteins, originally developed in the 1970s by Peter Y. Chou and Gerald D. Fasman. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The method is based on analyses of the relative frequencies of each amino acid in alpha helices , beta sheets , and turns based on known protein ...

  3. Sight reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sight_reduction

    The first approach of a compact and concise method was published by R. Doniol in 1955 [4] and involved haversines. The altitude is derived from sin ⁡ ( H c ) = n − a ⋅ ( m + n ) {\displaystyle \sin(Hc)=n-a\cdot (m+n)} , in which n = cos ⁡ ( L a t − D e c ) {\displaystyle n=\cos(Lat-Dec)} , m = cos ⁡ ( L a t + D e c ) {\displaystyle ...

  4. Explicit and implicit methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit_and_implicit_methods

    Explicit methods calculate the state of a system at a later time from the state of the system at the current time, while implicit methods find a solution by solving an equation involving both the current state of the system and the later one.

  5. Calendar-based contraceptive methods - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calendar-based...

    Various methods are known as the Knaus–Ogino method and the rhythm method. The standard days method is also considered a calendar-based method, because when using it, a woman tracks the days of her menstrual cycle without observing her physical fertility signs. The standard days method is based on a fixed formula taking into consideration the ...

  6. Modified Dietz method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_Dietz_method

    The modified Dietz method [1] [2] [3] is a measure of the ex post (i.e. historical) performance of an investment portfolio in the presence of external flows. (External flows are movements of value such as transfers of cash, securities or other instruments in or out of the portfolio, with no equal simultaneous movement of value in the opposite direction, and which are not income from the ...

  7. Mathematical optimization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_optimization

    For general unconstrained problems, this method reduces to the gradient method, which is regarded as obsolete (for almost all problems). Quasi-Newton methods: Iterative methods for medium-large problems (e.g. N<1000).

  8. List of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric...

    A formula for computing the trigonometric identities for the one-third angle exists, but it requires finding the zeroes of the cubic equation 4x 3 − 3x + d = 0, where is the value of the cosine function at the one-third angle and d is the known value of the cosine function at the full angle.

  9. Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duckworth–Lewis–Stern...

    A rain delay at The Oval, England Scoreboard at Trent Bridge indicating that bad light has stopped play.. The Duckworth–Lewis–Stern method (DLS method or DLS) previously known as the Duckworth–Lewis method (D/L) is a mathematical formulation designed to calculate the target score (number of runs needed to win) for the team batting second in a limited overs cricket match interrupted by ...