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Lignum vitae is hard and durable, and is also the densest wood traded (average dried density: ~79 lb/ft 3 or ~1,260 kg/m 3); [4] it will easily sink in water. On the Janka scale of hardness, which measures hardness of woods, lignum vitae ranks highest of the trade woods, with a Janka hardness of 4,390 lbf (compared with Olneya at 3,260 lbf, [5] African blackwood at 2,940 lbf, hickory at 1,820 ...
A common use of Janka hardness ratings is to determine whether a species is suitable for use as flooring. For hardwood flooring, the test usually requires an 80 mm × 150 mm (3 in × 6 in) sample with a thickness of at least 6–8 mm, and the most commonly used test is the ASTM D1037.
The Guinness Book of World Records lists this tree as the world's heaviest wood, with a specific gravity of 1.49, similar to that of anthracite or dry earth. [8] It is known for its tendency to sink in water, unlike other wood materials. It is also one of the world's hardest woods according to the Janka hardness test. The timber has a good ...
The density of dry balsa wood ranges from 40 to 475 kg/m 3, with a typical density around 160 kg/m 3. [5] [6] [7] Balsa is the softest wood ever measured using the Janka hardness test (22 to 167 lbf). [8] The wood of the living tree has large cells that are filled with water. This gives the wood a spongy texture.
NCSU Inside Wood project; Reproduction of The American Woods: exhibited by actual specimens and with copious explanatory text by Romeyn B. Hough; US Forest Products Laboratory, "Characteristics and Availability of Commercially Important Wood" from the Wood Handbook Archived 2021-01-18 at the Wayback Machine PDF 916K; International Wood ...
The trees typically reach 40 m (130 ft) in height and 1.8 m (5 ft 11 in) in trunk diameter. [6]The wood is very hard, measuring 3,684 lbf (16,390 N) on the Janka scale.
The wood is dense and very hard, difficult to plane, but drills, sands and turns well. It is termite resistant. It was once used for railway sleepers and is now prized for ornamental work and furniture. It burns very slowly with intense heat, and is often used for a fire which is intended to burn all night in order to keep wild animals at bay.
Ironwood is a common name for many woods that have a reputation for hardness, or specifically a wood density that is denser than water (approximately 1000 kg/m 3, or 62 pounds per cubic foot), although usage of the name ironwood in English may or may not indicate a tree that yields such heavy wood.