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Basil (/ ˈ b æ z əl /, BAZ-əl; [1] US also / ˈ b eɪ z əl /, BAY-zəl; [2] Ocimum basilicum (/ ˈ ɒ s ɪ m əm b ə ˈ z ɪ l ɪ k əm /, OS-ih-məm bə-ZIL-ih-kəm) [3] [4]), also called great basil, is a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae (mints).
Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora) is a common ingredient in Thai cuisine, with a strong flavour similar to aniseed, used to flavour Thai curries and stir-fries. [ citation needed ] Lemon basil ( Ocimum × citriodorum ) is a hybrid between O. americanum and O. basilicum .
Ocimum basilicum var. minimum L. Greek basil ( UK : / ˈ b æ z əl / , [ 1 ] US : / ˈ b eɪ z əl / ; [ 2 ] Ocimum basilicum var. minimum ) is a flowering herb and cultivar of basil .
Ocimum basilicum cultivars Common name Species and cultivars Description Sweet basil, Genovese basil, great basil: O. basilicum: With a strong clove scent when fresh. [14] Lettuce leaf basil: O. basilicum 'Lettuce Leaf' Has leaves so large they are sometimes used in salads. [15] Mammoth basil: O. basilicum 'Mammoth'
Lemon basil, hoary basil, [2] Thai lemon basil, [3] or Lao basil, [4] (Ocimum × africanum) is a hybrid between basil (Ocimum basilicum) and American basil (Ocimum americanum). [5] [6] [7] The herb is grown primarily in northeastern Africa and southern Asia for its fragrant lemon scent, and is used in cooking.
Nufar basil (Ocimum basilicum 'Nufar') is the first variety of sweet basil (O. basilicum) that is resistant to fusarium wilt. Fusarium wilt is a disease that causes sudden wilting and death in multiple species, including basil .
Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) has multiple cultivars — Thai basil, O. basilicum var. thyrsiflora, is one variety.Thai basil may sometimes be called chi neang vorng, anise basil or licorice basil, in reference to its anise- and licorice-like scent and taste, but it is different from the Western strains bearing these same names.
Dark opal basil is a cultivar of Ocimum basilicum (sweet basil), developed by John Scarchuk and Joseph Lent at the University of Connecticut [2] in the 1950s. With deep purple, sometimes mottled leaves, it is grown as much for its decorative appeal as for its culinary value.