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This sub-section is about paper making; for the writing material first used in ancient Egypt, see papyrus.. Paper: Although it is recorded that the Han dynasty (202 BC – AD 220) court eunuch Cai Lun (50 AD – AD 121) invented the pulp papermaking process and established the use of new materials used in making paper, ancient padding and wrapping paper artifacts dating from the 2nd century BC ...
The invention and use of paper brought about a revolution in writing materials. [12] [better source needed] By the 6th century in China, sheets of paper were beginning to be used for toilet paper as well. [13] During the Tang dynasty (618–907) paper was folded and sewn into square bags to preserve the flavor of tea. [9]
4th century BC: Traction trebuchet in Ancient China. [247] 4th century BC: Gears in Ancient China; 4th century BC: Reed pens, utilising a split nib, were used to write with ink on Papyrus in Egypt. [247] 4th century BC: Nailed Horseshoe, with 4 bronze shoes found in an Etruscan tomb. [248] 375 BC – 350 BC: Animal-driven rotary mill in ...
Paper is a thin nonwoven material traditionally made from a combination of milled plant and textile fibres. The first paper-like plant-based writing sheet was papyrus in Egypt, but the first true papermaking process was documented in China during the Eastern Han period (25–220 AD), traditionally attributed to the court official Cai Lun.
Ancient China and its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-77064-5. Ebrey, Patricia. (1986). "The Economic and Social History of Later Han," in Cambridge History of China: Volume I: the Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B.C. – A.D. 220, 608–648. Edited by Denis Twitchett and ...
Cai's improvements to paper-making are considered to have had an enormous impact on human history, and of those who created China's Four Great Inventions—the compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing—Cai is the only inventor whose name is known.
Map scaling: The foundations for quantitative map scaling goes back to ancient China with textual evidence that the idea of map scaling was understood by the second century BC. Ancient Chinese surveyors and cartographers had ample technical resources used to produce maps such as counting rods , carpenter's square 's, plumb lines , compasses for ...
Tsien, Tsuen-Hsuin (1985), Paper and Printing, Needham, Joseph Science and Civilization in China:, vol. 5 part 1, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-08690-6; Twitchett, Denis (1998b), The Cambridge History of China Volume 8 The Ming Dynasty, 1368—1644, Part 2, Cambridge University Press