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With the exception of the pipeline, the tanker is the most cost-effective way to move oil today. [36] Worldwide, tankers carry some 2 billion barrels (3.2 × 10 11 L) annually, and the cost of transportation by tanker amounts to only US$0.02 per gallon at the pump. [36]
Worldscale was established in November 1952 by London Tanker Brokers' Panel on the request of British Petroleum and Shell as an average total cost of shipping oil from one port to another by ship. A large table was created as result. The same scale is used today, although it was merged with the American Tanker Rate Schedule (ATRS) in 1969.
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk. Major types of tankship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, molasses and wine. In the United States Navy and Military Sealift ...
Aframax. An Aframax vessel is an oil tanker with a deadweight between 80,000 and 120,000 metric tonnes. [1] The term is based on the Average Freight Rate Assessment (AFRA), a tanker rate system created in 1954 by Shell Oil to standardize shipping contract terms. [2] Due to their favorable size, Aframax tankers can serve most ports in the world.
Crude Oil Tanker United States: 319540 2010 OLYMPIC TROPHY Crude Oil Tanker Greece: 320159 2010 OLYMPIC LUCK Crude Oil Tanker Greece: 319106 2010 XING YE 9590058 Crude Oil Tanker China: 320557 2014 YONG LE 9623257 Crude Oil Tanker China: 320775 2014 YUAN FU WANG 9843314 Crude Oil Tanker China: 319668 2021 YUAN HUA YANG 9843297 Crude Oil Tanker ...
Baltic Dry Index 1985 - 2022. The Baltic Dry Index (BDI) is a shipping freight-cost index issued daily by the London -based Baltic Exchange. The BDI is a composite of the Capesize, Panamax and Supramax timecharter averages. It is reported around the world as a proxy for dry bulk shipping stocks as well as a general shipping market bellwether.
Most oil is initially carried off the site by tanker truck. The truck may take the oil directly to a nearby refinery. In 2014, 2.6 percent of oil arrived at refineries by truck, up from 2.6 percent in 2005. If the refinery is not close, the tanker truck will take the crude oil to a pipeline, barge, or railroad for long-distance transport.
A freight rate (historically and in ship chartering simply freight [1]) is a price at which a certain cargo is delivered from one point to another. The price depends on the form of the cargo, the mode of transport ( truck , ship , train , aircraft ), the weight of the cargo, and the distance to the delivery destination.